Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 3, Number 2—June 1997
Synopsis

Borna Disease

Carolyn G. Hatalski, Ann J. Lewis, and W. Ian LipkinComments to Author 
Author affiliations: University of California, Irvine, California, USA

Main Article

Table 2

Borna disease virus nucleic acid in patients with various diseases

Prevalence
Disease Tissue Disease (%) Controls (%) Divergence* Ref.
Psychiatric PBMC (4/6) 66.7 (0/10) 0 0-3.6 (22)
(various) PBMC (5/12) 41.7 (0/23) 0 0-4 (27)
PBMC (22/60) 37 (8/172) 4.7 (24, 25)
PBMC-coculture (3/32) 9.4 (0/5) 0 0.07-0.83 (23, 53)
Affective PBMC (1/3) 33.3 (0/23) 0 (27)
PBMC (1/6) 16.7 (0/36) 0 (51)
PBMC (0/9) 0 (56)
Schizophrenia PBMC (7/11) 63.6 (0/23) 0 (27)
PBMC (5/49) 10.2 (0/36) 0 (51)
PBMC 4.2-9.3 (54)
Brain (0/3) 0 (0/3) 0 (55)
CSF (0/48) 0 (0/9) 0 (55)
PBMC (0/9) 0 (0/9) 0 (55)
PBMC (0/26) 0 (56)
CFS PBMC (3/25) 12 6.0-14 (26)
Hippocampal sclerosis Brain (4/5) 80 (53)

Abbreviations: PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CFS, chronic fatigue syndrome.
*Divergence of P-gene nucleotide sequence from common BDV isolates (strain V [4] and He/80 [9]).

Main Article

References
  1. de la Torre  JC. Molecular biology of Borna disease virus: prototype of a new group of animal viruses. J Virol. 1994;68:766975.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Schneemann  A, Schneider  PA, Lamb  RA, Lipkin  WI. The remarkable coding strategy of Borna disease virus: a new member of the nonsegmented negative strand RNA viruses. Virology. 1995;210:18. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Briese  T, de la Torre  JC, Lewis  A, Ludwig  H, Lipkin  WI. Borna disease virus, a negative-strand RNA virus, transcribes in the nucleus of infected cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992;89:114869. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Briese  T, Schneemann  A, Lewis  AJ, Park  YS, Kim  S, Ludwig  H, Genomic organization of Borna disease virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994;91:43626. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Schneemann  A, Schneider  PA, Kim  S, Lipkin  WI. Identification of signal sequences that control transcription of Borna disease virus, a nonsegmented negative-strand RNA virus. J Virol. 1994;68:651422.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Cubitt  B, Oldstone  C, Valcarcel  V, de la Torre  JC. RNA splicing contributes to the generation of mature mRNAs of Borna disease virus, a non-segmented negative strand RNA virus. Virus Res. 1994;34:6979. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Schneider  PA, Schneemann  A, Lipkin  WI. RNA splicing in Borna disease virus, a nonsegmented, negative-strand RNA virus. J Virol. 1994;68:500712. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. Schneider  PA, Briese  T, Zimmermann  W, Ludwig  H, Lipkin  WI. Sequence conservation in field and experimental isolates of Borna disease virus. J Virol. 1994;68:638. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Binz  T, Lebelt  J, Niemann  H, Hagenau  K. Sequence analyses of the p24 gene of Borna disease virus in naturally infected horse, donkey and sheep. Virus Res. 1994;34:2819. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Ludwig  H, Bode  L, Gosztonyi  G. Borna disease: a persistent virus infection of the central nervous system. Prog Med Virol. 1988;35:10751. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Richt  JA, VandeWoude  S, Zink  MC, Clements  JE, Herzog  S, Stitz  L, Infection with Borna disease virus: molecular and immunobiological characterization of the agent. Clin Infect Dis. 1992;14:124050. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Solbrig  MV, Fallon  JH, Lipkin  WI. Behavioral disturbances and pharmacology of Borna disease virus. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1995;190:93102.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Narayan  O, Herzog  S, Frese  K, Scheefers  H, Rott  R. Behavorial disease in rats caused by immunopathological responses to persistent Borna virus in the brain. Science. 1983;220:14013. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Stitz  L, Dietzschold  B, Carbone  KM. Immunopathogenesis of Borna disease. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1995;190:7592.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Rott  R, Becht  H. Natural and experimental Borna disease in animals. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1995;190:1730.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. Kao  M, Hamir  AN, Rupprecht  CE, Fu  AF, Shankar  V, Koprowski  H, Detection of antibodies against Borna disease virus in sera and cerebrospinal fluid of horses in the USA. Vet Rec. 1993;132:2414. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  17. Nakamura  Y, Kishi  M, Nakaya  T, Asahi  S, Tanaka  H, Sentsui  H, . Demonstration of Borna disease virus RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy horses in Japan. Vaccine. 1995;13:10769 DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. Nakamura  Y, Asahi  S, Nakaya  T, Bahmani  MK, Saitoh  S, Yasui  K, Demonstration of borna disease virus RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from domestic cats in Japan. J Clin Microbiol. 1996;34:18891. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  19. Gosztonyi  G, Ludwig  H. Borna disease-neuropathology and pathogenesis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1995;190:3973. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  20. Morales  JA, Herzog  S, Kompter  C, Frese  K, Rott  R. Axonal transport of Borna disease virus along olfactory pathways in spontaneously and experimentally infected rats. Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl). 1988;177:5168. DOIGoogle Scholar
  21. Bode  L. Human infections with Borna disease virus and potential pathologic implications. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1995;190:10330. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  22. Bode  L, Zimmermann  W, Ferszt  R, Steinbach  F, Ludwig  H. Borna disease virus genome transcribed and expressed in psychiatric patients. Nat Med. 1995;1:2326. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  23. Bode  L, Dürrwald  R, Rantam  FA, Ferszt  R, Ludwig  H. First isolates of infectious human Borna disease virus from patients with mood disorders. Mol Psychiatry. 1996;1:20012.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  24. Kishi  M, Nakaya  T, Nakamura  Y, Zhong  Q, Ikeda  K, Senjo  M, Demonstration of human Borna disease virus RNA in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. FEBS Lett. 1995;3645:2937. DOIGoogle Scholar
  25. Kishi  M, Nakaya  T, Nakamura  Y, Kakinuma  M, Takahashi  TA, Sekiguchi  S, . Prevalence of Borna disease virus RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from blood donors. Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl). 1995;184:1358 DOIGoogle Scholar
  26. Nakaya  T, Takahashi  H, Nakamura  Y, Asahi  S, Tobiume  M, Kuratsune  H, Demonstration of Borna disease virus RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from Japanese patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. FEBS Lett. 1996;378:1459. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  27. Sauder  C, Muller  A, Cubitt  B, Maer  J, Steinmetz  J, Trabert  W, Detection of Borna disease virus (BDV) antibodies and BDV RNA in psychiatric patients: evidence for high sequence conservation of human blood-derived BDV RNA. J Virol. 1996;70:771324. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  28. Sierra-Honigmann  AM, Rubin  SA, Estafanous  MG, Yolken  RH, Carbone  KM. Borna disease virus in peripheral blood mononuclear and bone marrow cells of neonatally and chronically infected rats. J Neuroimmunol. 1993;45:316. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  29. Abildgaard  PC. Pferde-und Vieharzt in einem kleinen Auszuge; oder, Handbuch von den gewöhnlichsten Krankheiten der Pferde, des Hornviehes, der Schafe und Schweine, sammt der bequemsten und wohl-feilesten Art sie zu heilen. Zum Gebrauch des Land-manns. Wien: Johann Thomas Edlen von Trattnern, 1785.
  30. Carbone  K, Duchala  C, Griffin  J, Kincaid  A, Narayan  O. Pathogenesis of Borna disease in rats: evidence that intra-axonal spread is the major route for virus dissemination and the determination for disease incubation. J Virol. 1987;61:343140. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  31. Solbrig  MV, Koob  GF, Joyce  JN, Lipkin  WI. A neural substrate of hyperactivity in Borna disease: changes in dopamine receptors. Virology. 1996;222:3328. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  32. Dittrich  W, Bode  L, Ludwig  H, Kao  M, Schneider  K. Learning deficiencies in Borna disease virus-infected but clinically healthy rats. Biol Psychiatry. 1989;26:81828. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  33. Carbone  K, Park  S, Rubin  S, Waltrip  R, Vogelsang  G. Borna disease: association with a maturation defect in the cellular immune response. J Virol. 1991;65:615464. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  34. Sprankel  H, Richarz  K, Ludwig  H, Rott  R. Behavior alterations in tree shrews induced by Borna disease virus. Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl). 1978;165:118. DOIGoogle Scholar
  35. Stitz  L, Krey  H, Ludwig  H. Borna disease in rhesus monkeys as a model for uveocerebral symptoms. J Med Virol. 1980;6:33340. DOIGoogle Scholar
  36. Rott  R, Herzog  S, Fleischer  B, Winokur  A, Amsterdam  J, Dyson  W, Detection of serum anti-bodies to Borna disease virus in patients with psychiatric disorders. Science. 1985;228:7556. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  37. Fu  ZF, Amsterdam  JD, Kao  M, Shankar  V, Koprowski  H, Dietzschold  B. Detection of Borna disease virus-reactive antibodies from patients with affective disorders by western immunoblot technique. J Affect Disord. 1993;27:618. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  38. Bode  L, Ferszt  R, Czech  G. Borna disease virus infection and affective disorders in man. Arch Virol. 1993;7(Suppl):15967.
  39. Bode  L, Steinbach  F, Ludwig  H. A novel marker for Borna disease virus infection. Lancet. 1994;343:2978. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  40. Bautista  JR, Schwartz  GJ, de la Torre  JC, Moran  TH, Carbone  KM. Early and persistent abnormalities in rats with neonatally acquired Borna disease virus infection. Brain Res Bull. 1994;34:3140. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  41. Bautista  JR, Rubin  SA, Moran  TH, Schwartz  GJ, Carbone  KM. Developmental injury to the cerebellum following perinatal Borna disease virus infection. Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 1995;90:4553. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  42. Yolken  RH, Torrey  EF. Viruses, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1995;8:13145.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  43. Waltrip  RW II, Buchanan  RW, Summerfelt  A, Breier  A, Carpenter  WT, Bryant  NL, Borna disease virus and schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res. 1995;56:3344. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  44. Bechter  K, Bauer  M, Estler  HC, Herzog  S, Schuttler  R, Rott  R. Expanded nuclear magnetic resonance studies in Borna disease virus seropositive patients and control probands. Nervenarzt. 1994;65:16974. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  45. Lipkin  WI, Travis  G, Carbone  K, Wilson  M. Isolation and characterization of Borna disease agent cDNA clones. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990;87:41848. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  46. VandeWoude  S, Richt  J, Zink  M, Rott  R, Narayan  O, Clements  J. A Borna virus cDNA encoding a protein recognized by antibodies in humans with behavioral diseases. Science. 1990;250:127681. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  47. Cubitt  B, Oldstone  C, de la Torre  JC. Sequence and genome organization of Borna disease virus. J Virol. 1994;68:138296. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  48. Holland  J, Spindler  K, Horodyski  F, Grabau  E, Nichol  S, VandePol  S. Rapid evolution of RNA genomes. Science. 1982;215:157785. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  49. Holland  JJ, de la Torre  JC, Steinhauer  DA. RNA virus populations as quasispecies. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1992;176:120. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  50. Morse  SS. The evolutionary biology of viruses. New York: Raven, 1994.
  51. Igata-Yi  R, Kazunari  Y, Yoshiki  K, Takemoto  S, Yamasaki  H, Matsuoka  M, Borna disease virus and consumption of raw horse meat. Nat Med. 1996;2:9489. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  52. de la Torre  JC, Gonzalez-Dunia  D, Cubitt  B, Mallory  M, Mueller-Lantzsch  N, Grasser  F, Detection of Borna disease virus antigen and RNA in human autopsy brain samples from neuropsychiatric patients. Virology. 1996;223:27282. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  53. de la Torre  JC, Bode  L, Durrwald  R, Cubitt  B, Ludwig  H. Sequence characterization of human Borna disease virus. Virus Res. 1996;44:3344. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  54. Kishi  M, Arimura  Y, Ikuta  K, Shoya  Y, Lai  PK, Kakinuma  M. Sequence variability of Borna disease virus open reading frame II found in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Virol. 1996;70:63540. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  55. Sierra-Honigman  AM, Carbone  KM, Yolken  RH. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) search for viral nucleic acid sequences in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry. 1995;166:5560. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  56. Richt  JA, Alexander  RC, Herzog  S, Hooper  DC, Kean  R, Spitzen  S, Failure to associate human psychiatric disorders with Borna disease virus infection. In press.
  57. Weisman  Y, Huminer  D, Malkinson  M, Meir  L, Kliche  S, Lipkin  WI, Borna disease virus antibodies among workers exposed to infected ostriches. Lancet. 1994;344:12323. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  58. Bechter  K, Schüttler  R, Herzog  S. Case of neurological and behavioral abnormalities: due to Borna disease virus encephalitis? Psychiatry Res. 1992;42:1936. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  59. Lundgren  A-L, Czech  G, Bode  L, Ludwig  H. J. Natural Borna disease in domestic animals other than horses and sheep. Vet Med. 1993;40:298303.
  60. Bode  L, Riegel  S, Ludwig  H, Amsterdam  J, Lange  W, Koprowski  H. Borna disease virus-specific antibodies in patients with HIV Infection and with mental disorders. Lancet. 1988;ii:689. DOIGoogle Scholar
  61. Rott  R, Herzog  S, Bechter  K, Frese  K. Borna disease, a possible hazard for man. Arch Virol. 1991;118:1439. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  62. Amsterdam  J, Winokur  A, Dyson  W, Herzog  S, Gonzalez  F, Rott  R, . Borna Disease Virus: a possible etiologic factor in human affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42:10936PubMedGoogle Scholar
  63. Bode  L, Riegel  S, Lange  W, Ludwig  H. Human infections with Borna disease virus: seroprevalence in patients with chronic diseases and healthy individuals. J Med Virol. 1992;36:30915. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

Page created: December 21, 2010
Page updated: December 21, 2010
Page reviewed: December 21, 2010
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external