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Volume 8, Number 7—July 2002
Research

Temporal Changes in Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in 23 U.S. Hospitals

Project Hospitals, Scott K. Fridkin*, Holly A. Hill†, Nataliya V. Volkova†, Jonathan R. Edwards*, Rachel M. Lawton*, Robert P. Gaynes*, John E. McGowan†, and the Intensive Care Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemiology (ICARE) Project Hospitals
Author affiliations: *Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; †Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;

Main Article

Table

Weighted pooled mean prevalence and temporal differences of antimicrobial resistance for sentinel organisms, 1996–1999, Project ICARE hospitals

Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogen Weighted pooled mean resistance rate (%)
 Median difference (%) in resistance ratesa N p-valueb
1996–1997 1998–1999
Intensive-care unit areas
Oxacillin-resistant CNS 76.0 73.6 -0.01 20 0.8
Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 30.9 35.6c 1.83 22 0.4
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus 15.5 15.0 -1.81 20 0.9
Cef3-resistant Escherichia coli 0.57 2.2c 0.00 20 0.3
Cef3-resistant Enterobacter spp. 25.2 25.0 -2.08 17 0.4
Ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa 8.3 7.8 0.37 21 0.9
Ciprofloxacin-resistant P. aeruginosa 17.7 24.4c 0.63 22 0.2
Ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli 0.9 2.0 c 0.00 20 1.0
Cef3-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 2.4 8.4 c 0.00 18 0.3
Non-intensive–care unit inpatient areas
Oxacillin-resistant CNS 62.6 63.6 0.41 20 0.6
Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 30.2 34.4c 8.20 22 0.008
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus 13.9 11.3 0.93 22 0.4
Cef3-resistant Escherichia coli 0.69 0.53 0.00 20 0.9
Cef3-resistant Enterobacter spp. 22.1 20.5 -5.90 21 0.4
Ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa 5.8 5.9 0.00 21 0.9
Ciprofloxacin-resistant P. aeruginosa 17.2 23.9c 3.30 22 0.02
Ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli 1.4 2.5c 0.57 22 0.008
Cef3-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 3.6 4.9c 0.06 20 0.1
Outpatient/urgent/emergent care patients
Oxacillin-resistant CNS 45.2 43.6 11.50 21 0.4
Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 18.0 22.6c 2.40 22 0.009
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus 2.1 4.8c 0.61 21 0.02
Cef3-resistant Escherichia coli 0.16 0.23 0.00 22 0.7
Cef3-resistant Enterobacter spp. 10.0 9.2 -0.77 21 0.6
Ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa 3.8 3.6 0.16 21 0.7
Ciprofloxacin-resistant P. aeruginosa 20.0 24.6c 5.00 21 0.02
Ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli 0.61 1.4c 1.00 22 <0.001
Cef3-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 1.1 1.5 0.00 20 0.5

aMedian of the differences in resistance prevalence from period 1 (1996–1997) to period 2 (1998–1999) observed in the (N) hospitals or units reporting resistance information on >10 isolates for each of the time periods. CNS, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus; Cef3, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, or ceftriaxone; for E. coli, ciprofloxacin resistance is resistance to either ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin.
bp-value by Wilcoxon signed-rank test of the differences at N hospitals or units.
cp<0.05 by chi-square test of pooled mean resistance rates between time periods.

Main Article

Page created: July 16, 2010
Page updated: July 16, 2010
Page reviewed: July 16, 2010
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