Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 8, Number 7—July 2002
Research

Temporal Changes in Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in 23 U.S. Hospitals

Project Hospitals, Scott K. Fridkin*, Holly A. Hill†, Nataliya V. Volkova†, Jonathan R. Edwards*, Rachel M. Lawton*, Robert P. Gaynes*, John E. McGowan†, and the Intensive Care Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemiology (ICARE) Project Hospitals
Author affiliations: *Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; †Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;

Main Article

Table

Weighted pooled mean prevalence and temporal differences of antimicrobial resistance for sentinel organisms, 1996–1999, Project ICARE hospitals

Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogen Weighted pooled mean resistance rate (%)
 Median difference (%) in resistance ratesa N p-valueb
1996–1997 1998–1999
Intensive-care unit areas
Oxacillin-resistant CNS 76.0 73.6 -0.01 20 0.8
Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 30.9 35.6c 1.83 22 0.4
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus 15.5 15.0 -1.81 20 0.9
Cef3-resistant Escherichia coli 0.57 2.2c 0.00 20 0.3
Cef3-resistant Enterobacter spp. 25.2 25.0 -2.08 17 0.4
Ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa 8.3 7.8 0.37 21 0.9
Ciprofloxacin-resistant P. aeruginosa 17.7 24.4c 0.63 22 0.2
Ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli 0.9 2.0 c 0.00 20 1.0
Cef3-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 2.4 8.4 c 0.00 18 0.3
Non-intensive–care unit inpatient areas
Oxacillin-resistant CNS 62.6 63.6 0.41 20 0.6
Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 30.2 34.4c 8.20 22 0.008
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus 13.9 11.3 0.93 22 0.4
Cef3-resistant Escherichia coli 0.69 0.53 0.00 20 0.9
Cef3-resistant Enterobacter spp. 22.1 20.5 -5.90 21 0.4
Ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa 5.8 5.9 0.00 21 0.9
Ciprofloxacin-resistant P. aeruginosa 17.2 23.9c 3.30 22 0.02
Ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli 1.4 2.5c 0.57 22 0.008
Cef3-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 3.6 4.9c 0.06 20 0.1
Outpatient/urgent/emergent care patients
Oxacillin-resistant CNS 45.2 43.6 11.50 21 0.4
Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 18.0 22.6c 2.40 22 0.009
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus 2.1 4.8c 0.61 21 0.02
Cef3-resistant Escherichia coli 0.16 0.23 0.00 22 0.7
Cef3-resistant Enterobacter spp. 10.0 9.2 -0.77 21 0.6
Ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa 3.8 3.6 0.16 21 0.7
Ciprofloxacin-resistant P. aeruginosa 20.0 24.6c 5.00 21 0.02
Ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli 0.61 1.4c 1.00 22 <0.001
Cef3-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 1.1 1.5 0.00 20 0.5

aMedian of the differences in resistance prevalence from period 1 (1996–1997) to period 2 (1998–1999) observed in the (N) hospitals or units reporting resistance information on >10 isolates for each of the time periods. CNS, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus; Cef3, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, or ceftriaxone; for E. coli, ciprofloxacin resistance is resistance to either ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin.
bp-value by Wilcoxon signed-rank test of the differences at N hospitals or units.
cp<0.05 by chi-square test of pooled mean resistance rates between time periods.

Main Article

Page created: July 16, 2010
Page updated: July 16, 2010
Page reviewed: July 16, 2010
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external