Early Release

Synopses

• Three Fatal Gestational Psittacosis Cases Caused by Chlamydia psittaci Strains Belonging to Closely Related Lineages, Japan
  A. Nishino et al. View Abstract

  Gestational psittacosis is a rare infectious disease caused by Chlamydia psittaci that causes high maternal and fetal mortality rates. In Japan, gestational psittacosis has been reported in 7 patients, including 4 maternal deaths without antemortem diagnosis. We molecularly diagnosed C. psittaci infection postmortem in 3 patients treated during 2017–2024. We extracted DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded placenta, lung, and spleen tissues. Analysis of multilocus sequence typing indicated sequence type (ST) 269 in 1 patient and ST335 in 2; all 3 were closely related lineages that have not been previously reported in Japan or in animals. However, the ompA gene showed distinct clusters in the phylogenetic analysis. Quantitative PCR and immunostaining revealed higher amounts of C. psittaci detected in placenta than in lung or spleen, suggesting that proliferation of C. psittaci in the placenta might cause severe symptoms. ST335/ST269 lineage could be highly virulent strains for pregnant women.

• Borna disease virus 1 infection causing fatal meningoencephalomyelitis in wild European hedgehogs in known endemic areas, Germany, 2022 to 2025
  E. Michelakaki et al.

Research

• Zoonotic and Anthroponotic Plasmodium spp. Circulation between Wild Primates and Indigenous Community, Peruvian Amazon, 2007–2020
  G. M. Ulloa et al.
• Frequency, Duration, and Risk Factors for Diagnostic Delays Associated with Coccidioidomycosis
  D. D. Barber et al.
• Investigation of and Response to Autochthonous Dengue, Los Angeles County, California, USA, August–November 2024
  A. M. Vaughan et al. View Abstract

  Dengue is not endemic in the continental United States; most cases occur in returning travelers. During August–November 2024, a total of 14 locally acquired cases of dengue were identified in Los Angeles County, California, USA. Epidemiologic evidence indicates that locally acquired cases occurred in several neighborhoods, suggesting short transmission chains after introductions from returning travelers. In one neighborhood, evidence supported ongoing transmission for up to 7 weeks. Median patient age was 54 (range 5–79) years; 8 (57%) patients were female and 6 (43%) male, and 6 (43%) required hospitalization. Delays in healthcare seeking and diagnoses were noted; median time from symptom onset to specimen collection for dengue testing was 9 (range 2–34) days. Local dengue transmission in Los Angeles County highlights the emerging threat of mosquitoborne disease transmission in nonendemic areas and the need for rapid and coordinated public health and vector control responses to interrupt transmission.

• Updated Genomic Epidemiologic Description of Candida (Candidozyma) auris, United States
  L. A. Parnell et al.

Dispatches

• Detection of Human Rhinovirus B14 from Outbreak of Severe Respiratory Illness among Older Adults, France, 2024
  J. Andreani et al.
• Tropism and Replication Competence of Cattle Influenza A(H5N1) Genotype B3.13 Virus in Human Bronchus and Lung Tissue
  K. Hui et al. View Abstract

  In 2024, influenza A(H5N1) genotype B3.13 viruses emerged from cattle and caused mild spillover infections in humans. Using human bronchus and lung tissue, we evaluated tropism, replication, and pathogenesis of 2 cattle influenza isolates. Those viruses showed moderate replication competence and induced robust proinflammatory responses, suggesting potential risk for human health.

• Genomic Analysis of Sin Nombre Virus Genome Sequences, Northwestern United States, 2023
  G. Rickard et al.
• Retrospective Phylogenetic Analysis of Mayaro Virus, French Guiana, 1996–2024
  A. Lagrave et al.
• Serologic Surveillance of Wildlife in High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H5 Hotspot, Northeast Germany, 2023–2025
  A. Günther et al.
• A One Health investigation into a fatal encephalitis caused by pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) infection in France
  N. Veyrenche et al.
• Infection and exposure to the human tick-borne relapsing fever agent Borrelia persica in horses in Israel, 2025
  D. Shwartz et al.
• Repeated human cases of Cryptosporidium sp. OTUi in returned travelers: Clinical, molecular, and zoonotic perspectives
  T. Larsen et al.
• Yezo Virus Diversity in Tick-Bitten Patients and Ticks, Russia
  Y. O. Epik et al.
• Development and Validation of Real-Time PCR for Detecting Anaplasma bovis–Like Agent in Dermacentor spp. Ticks
  R. C. Smith et al.
• Nipah Virus Shedding in Urine from Fruit Bats, Sri Lanka, 2018–2019
  C. Kohl et al.
• Replication Efficiency of Contemporary Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Isolates in Human Nasal Epithelium Model
  M. Flagg et al.
• HPAI Virus H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b and Mass Mortality in Eurasian Cranes, Germany, 2025
  A. Günther et al.

Research Letters

• Genomic Surveillance of Lassa Virus through In-Country Sequencing, Guinea
  J. Camara et al.
• Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus RNA in Bovine Semen, California, USA, 2024
  A. Lim et al. View Abstract

  Since March 2024, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus has infected dairy cattle in the United States, prompting concern about novel transmission routes. During an outbreak in California, HPAI H5N1 RNA was detected in an asymptomatic bull’s semen. Although infectious virus was not isolated, semen-associated transmission risks and biosecurity practices remain a concern.

• Herpes Simplex Virus 1 in Trigeminal Ganglia of Trafficked Neotropical Primates
  F. Vilchez-Delgado et al.
• Unmitigated serial interval and intervention efficiency in a school-based outbreak of pertussis, South Korea, 2024
  A. R. Akhmetzhanov et al.
• Borrelia turicatae in Ticks from Animals in a Public Park, Aguascalientes, Mexico
  E. Vázquez-Guerrero et al.
• Bartonella clarridgeiae Endocarditis and Aortic Root Abscess, Australia, 2020
  M. Cribb and S. Coghill

Letters

• Comment on Chagas Disease, an Endemic Disease in the United States
  P. T. Cantey et al.
• Evidence of Rat Hepatitis E Virus Circulation through Wastewater Surveillance, Central Argentina
  F. Abravanel et al.
• Chagas Disease, an Endemic Disease in the United States
  N. L. Beatty et al.

Books and Media

• The Big One: How We Must Prepare for Future Deadly Pandemics
  C. Dillingham et al.

Etymologia

• Borealpox [bōr′-ē-әl-poks]
  J. L. Miranda

Synopsis

• Cerebrospinal Fluid Findings among Patients with Anaplasmosis and Central Nervous Involvement, Minnesota and Wisconsin, USA
  I. Dumic et al.

Research

• Characteristics of Plausible Source Cases Responsible for Recent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission, United States, 2018–2022
  S. Kammerer et al.
• Wickerhamomyces anomalus Fungemia during Healthcare-Associated Outbreak, Pereira, Colombia, 2025
  K. M. Ordoñez et al.
• Outbreak of Wickerhamomyces anomalus (formerly Candida pelliculosa) Bloodstream Infections, Venezuela, 2022–2023
  M. Franco et al.

Dispatches

• Emergence of Ceftriaxone-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae penA-60–Carrying Strains, Thailand, 2025
  R. Kittiyaowamarn et al.
• Yellow Fever Virus Surveillance in Callithrix spp. Marmosets during Epizootic Outbreak, Brazil, 2024–2025
  M. L. Siconelli et al.
• Adverse Outcomes of Travel-Related Cosmetic Procedures, 2014–2024
  K. McNamara et al.

Books and Media

• Dangerous Miracle: The Astonishing Rise and Looming Disaster of Antibiotics
  J. P. Mills
• Myriad, Microscopic and Marvelous: The World of Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
  J. H. Sogin

Etymologia

• Bacteria [bak-tēr′-ē-ә]
  H. Santos-Dutra et al.