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Volume 10, Number 5—May 2004
Research

Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Central Asia

Helen Suzanne Cox*Comments to Author , Juan Daniel Orozco*, Roy Male*, Sabine Ruesch-Gerdes†, Dennis Falzon*, Ian Small*, Darebay Doshetov‡, Yared Kebede§, and Mohammed Aziz¶
Author affiliations: *Médecins Sans Frontières Aral Sea Area Programme, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; †National Reference Centre for Mycobacteria, Borstel, Germany; ‡Ministry of Health, Nukus, Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan; §Médecins Sans Frontières, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ¶World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

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Table 1

Key characteristics of the two regions and countries included in the surveya

Uzbekistan Turkmenistan
Population (6) 25,256,000 4,834,000
GDP per capita (6) U.S.$ 2,333 U.S.$ 5,269
Health expenditure per capita (6) U.S.$ 86 U.S.$ 286
Estimated TB incidence rate (all cases) (7) 92/100,000/y 84/100,000/y
Estimated smear-positive case detection (7) 44% 68%
Karakalpakstan Dashoguz
Population (2001 estimated)b 1,549,761 1,041,372
DOTS implementation 1998 (pilot districts)–2003 (full coverage) 2000 (pilot districts)–2002 (full coverage)
DOTS case notification rate (all cases) 482/100,000/y 213/100,000/y
DOTS case notification rate (smear- positive cases) 192/100,000/y 89/100,000/y
% of smear-positive cases previously treated (2002) 55 53
Success rate (new smear-positive cases registered in 2001) 68% 82%

aGDP, gross domestic product; TB, tuberculosis; DOTS, directly observed treatment strategy.

bSource: ministries of health in each region.

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