Volume 10, Number 5—May 2004
Research
Antimicrobial Resistance in Commensal Flora of Pig Farmers
Hélène Aubry-Damon*, Karine Grenet†, Penda Sall-Ndiaye‡, Didier Che*, Eugenio Cordeiro*, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux¶, Emma Rigaud‡, Yann Le Strat*, Véronique Lemanissier*, Laurence Armand-Lefèvre†, Didier Delzescaux§, Jean-Claude Desenclos*, Michel Liénard‡, and Antoine Andremont†
Table 3
Pharyngeal isolation of selected microorganisms in pig farmers and nonfarmersa,b
| Microorganisms | Prevalence, no. (%) |
Prevalence ratio |
CI 95% |
p value |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pig farmers | Nonfarmers | |||||||
| Streptococcus pneumoniae |
0/112 |
(0) |
3/112 |
(2.7) |
NA |
NA |
0.25 |
|
| Haemophilus influenzae |
6/112 |
(5.4) |
5/112 |
(4.5) |
1.20 |
0.38 to 3.82 |
1.00 |
|
| Enterobacteria |
1/112 |
(0.9) |
2/112 |
(1.8) |
0.50 |
0.05 to 5.44 |
1.00 |
|
| Yeastsc |
1/112 |
(0.9) |
0/112 |
NA |
NA |
0.25 |
||
| β-hemolytic streptococcid |
11e/112 |
(9.8) |
9f/112 |
(8.0) |
1.22 |
0.53 to 2.83 |
0.82 |
|
| NGSg |
||||||||
| Any |
||||||||
| Resistant to |
108/112 |
(96.4) |
100/112 |
(89.3) |
1.08 |
1.00 to 1.16 |
0.06 |
|
| Ampicillin |
48/108 |
(44.4) |
22/100 |
(22.0) |
2.02 |
1.32 to 3.09 |
<0.01 |
|
| Macrolides | 108/108 | (100.0) | 100/100 | (100.0) | NA | NA | 1.00 | |
aMatched pharyngeal samples were available for 112 pig farmer–nonfarmer pairs.
bCI, confidence interval; NA, not applicable.
cCandida albicans.
dSeveral species were present in some study participants.
eGroup A Streptococcus:1, group C: 5, S. anginosus: 3, S. intermedius: 1, S. constellatus: 4.
fGroup A Streptococcus: 1, group C: 5, S. anginosus: 3, S. intermedius: 1, S. constellatus: 3.
gNongroupable streptococci.
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