Volume 11, Number 6—June 2005
Research
International Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 Infections, 1992–2001
, Steen Ethelberg*, Kåre Mølbak*, and the DT104 study group
Table 1
Number of patients with culture-confirmed, nontyphoidal Salmonella infection and percentage S. Typhimurium, international DT104 survey, 1992–2001
| Subregion/country | Nontyphoidal Salmonella infections (% S. Typhimurium) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1992–1993 | 1994–1995 | 1996–1997 | 1998–1999 | 2000–2001 | 2001 pop. (IST)* | |
| Northern Europe | ||||||
| England + Wales | 62,005 (16.4) | 59,725 (20.5) | 61,579 (16.8) | 41,260 (13.2) | 31,309 (15.1) | 53 (3.9) |
| Ireland | 1,152 (65.6) | 1,147 (36.5) | 3.8 (3.9) | |||
| Scotland | 5,911 (20.1) | 6,076 (21.6) | 6,615 (19.8) | 3,988 (16.0) | 3,291 (17.8) | 5.1 (5.0) |
| Denmark | 7,184 (34.5) | 7,923 (28.0) | 8,273 (21.1) | 7,148 (17.7) | 5,257 (19.5) | 5.4 (10.9) |
| Finland† | 6,770 (13.0) | 6,070 (14.1) | 5,615 (16.9) | 5,536 (12.4) | 5,358 (10.4) | 5.2 (5.0) |
| Latvia | 1,048 (54.2) | 1,965 (41.9) | 1,393 (29.0) | 1,830 (23.1) | 1,664 (9.3) | 2.4 (2.8) |
| Norway† | 2,181 (18.1) | 2,386 (13.3) | 2,632 (16.4) | 2,933 (14.9) | 3,394 (13.5) | 4.5 (4.9) |
| Sweden† | 5,296 (17.5) | 11,249 (13.3) | 10,479 (11.5) | 11,398 (13.8) | 11,119 (14.1) | 8.9 (8.3) |
| Western Europe | ||||||
| Austria | 11,337 (10.0) | 19,790 (5.5) | 18,278 (5.2) | 16,918 (4.7) | 15,135 (5.6) | 8.3 (5.6) |
| Belgium | 21,231 (34.7) | 22,048 (31.9) | 26,247 (26.2) | 30,288 (21.7) | 25,153 (20.6) | 10.3 (23.0) |
| Germany‡ | 335,813 (17.1) | 248,507 (21.9) | 215,524 (26.4) | 183,697 (27.1) | 163,327 (26.2) | 82.2 (8.4) |
| Luxembourg | 490 (27.8) | 447 (17.4) | 555 (22.5) | 652 (22.9) | 701 (23.8) | 0.44 (19.8) |
| Netherlands | 5,388 (36.2) | 5,955 (26.2) | 5,445 (32.8) | 4,393 (31.1) | 4,141 (31.8) | 16.0 (6.9) |
| Switzerland§ | 2,374 (10.2) | 7.2 | ||||
| Eastern Europe | ||||||
| Czech Republic | 85,097 (6.8) | 103,342 (2.6) | 88,421 (2.3) | 95,323 (2.1) | 73,529 (1.9) | 10.3 (5.3) |
| Hungary | 14,138 (15.0) | 11,398 (12.6) | 8,188 (20.2) | 8,480 (10.7) | 10.0 (5.5) | |
| Southern Europe | ||||||
| Greece | 1,198 (13.4) | 1,514 (14.5) | 1,315 (18.2) | 1,091 (24.3) | 1,947 (20.5) | 10.9 (13.4) |
| Malta | 546 (20.1) | 518 (26.6) | 236 (19.1) | 390 (3.6) | 135 (34.8) | 0.40 (9.0) |
| Spain¶ | 6,374 (25.9) | 7,188 (29.0) | 8,847 (32.9) | 10,806 (25.6) | 13,379 (21.1) | 39.8 (3.5) |
| Israel# | 15,337 (10.7) | 13,674 (8.1) | 10,168 (27.2) | 9,875 (16.8) | 9,353 (15.0) | 6.4 (11.4) |
| North America | ||||||
| Canada | 14,863 (19.2) | 13,645 (20.3) | 14,596 (23.0) | 16,028 (21.0 | 12,493 (20.9) | 31.0 (4.9) |
| USA | 71,605 (22.6) | 78,723 (22.5) | 73,643 (25.3) | 66,753 (25.3) | 63,697 (22.1) | 281.4 (2.6) |
| Caribbean region | 687 (22.1) | 786 (22.8) | 379 (10.6) | 7.1 (0.3) | ||
| Brazil | 2,276 (10.5) | 7,500 (2.7) | 11,832 (1.5) | 10,511 (3.8) | 15,455 (4.8) | 171.8 (0.3) |
| South Africa | 1,341 (51.3) | 43.6 (1.2) | ||||
| Eastern Asia | ||||||
| Japan | 18,385 (8.4) | 22,406 (6.1) | 27,260 (2.8) | 23,359 (3.2) | 11,889 (5.3) | 127.4 (0.2) |
| Republic of Korea | 1,918 (37.4) | 1,567 (32.0) | 2,314 (18.7) | 3,548 (15.9) | 2,404 (11.3) | 48.8 (0.3) |
| Oceania | ||||||
| Australia | 9,496 (28.1) | 11,794 (35.2) | 13,229 (40.2) | 15,104 (35.2) | 13,053 (38.9) | 19.4 (13.7) |
| New Zealand | 2,579 (56.2) | 3,137 (58.3) | 2,658 (56.6) | 4,472 (63.1) | 4,517 (64.7 | 3.9 (42.7) |
*pop., population ×106; IST, incidence of S. Typhimurium per 105 population.
†Most patients in these countries were infected abroad.
‡Data on S. Typhimurium and incidence are based on data from the new federal states of Germany and the city of Berlin.
§Submission of strains for serotyping at the central laboratory was not compulsory in Switzerland at the time of data collection. As a result an incidence rate for Switzerland is not presented.
¶Incidence is based on data from 2000.
#According to the United Nations classification, Israel belongs to the western Asian region. In this study, Israel has been grouped with southern European countries.
1Data for this survey were contributed by the DT104 study group, which consisted of the following: Diane Lightfoot and J. Powling, Australia; Christian Berghold and Christian Kornshober, Austria; Ingrid Wybo, J.M. Collard, and C. Godard, Belgium; Dalia dos Prazeres Rodrigues, Eliane Moura Falavina dos Reis, and Erica L. Fonseca, Brazil; Kathryn Doré, James Flint, Frank Pollari, Rafiq Ahmed, and Walter Demczuk, Canada; James Hospedales, Denise Clarke, and Michelle Nurse-Lucas, Caribbean Region; Renata Karpiskova, The Czech Republic; Peter Gerner-Smidt, Denmark; Noël Gill, Sarah O'Brien, and John Threlfall, England and Wales; Anja Siitonen and Susanna Lukinmaa, Finland; Wolfgang Rabsch, Germany; Panayotis T. Tassios, Leonidas S. Tzouvelekis, and Takis Panagiotopoulos, Greece; Judit Pàszti and Noelni Nógrády, Hungary; Barbara Foley, Martin Cormican, and Paul McKeown, Ireland; Nahum Andorn and Ruti Yishai, Israel; Haruo Watanabe and Hidemasa Izumiya, Japan; Bok Kwon Lee and Shukho Kim, Republic of Korea; J. Selga and J. Jansone, Latvia; Joel Mossong and François Schneider, Luxembourg; Julie Haider and Paul Cuschieri, Malta; Wilfrid van Pelt, Netherlands; Helen Heffernan and Carolyn Nicol, New Zealand; Karin Nygård and Trine Lise Stavnes, Norway; B.L. Cherkasskiy, Russian Federation; Lynda Browning and John Coia, Scotland; Karen Helena Keddy and Tersia Kruger, Republic of South Africa; Miquel Anger Usera, Spain; Agneta Olsson, Sweden; Patrick Boerlin, Switzerland; Timothy Barrett, Frederick J. Angulo, and Jennifer E. Stevenson, USA.