Volume 12, Number 4—April 2006
Research
1951 Influenza Epidemic, England and Wales, Canada, and the United States
Cécile Viboud*
, Theresa Tam†, Douglas Fleming‡, Mark A Miller*, and Lone Simonsen*
, Theresa Tam†, Douglas Fleming‡, Mark A Miller*, and Lone Simonsen*
Table 2
Comparison of influenza-related death rates in the 1951 influenza epidemic (A/H1N1) and 1957 influenza pandemic (A/H2N2), Canada, England and Wales, and United States*
| Setting | Age group | P&I† excess death rate/100,000 (RR‡) | All cause excess death rate/100,000 (RR‡) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canada (13.7 million)§ | ||||
| 1951 epidemic (Jan –Apr) | All ages | 18.6 (1.54) | 34.1 (1.47) | |
| <65 y | 6.6 (0.90) | 14.8 (1.09) | ||
| >65 y | 164 (2.41) | 329 (2.22) | ||
| 1957 pandemic (Sep–Dec) | All ages | 12.1 (1.00) | 23.2 (1.00) | |
| <65 y | 7.3 (1.00) | 13.6 (1.00) | ||
| >65 y | 68.0 (1.00) | 148 (1.00) | ||
| England & Wales (43.8 million)§ | ||||
| 1951 epidemic (Jan –Mar) | All ages | 50.1 (1.40) | 178 (1.45) | |
| 1957 pandemic (Oct 1957–Mar 1958) | All ages | 35.8 (1.00) | 123 (1.00) | |
| United States (154.9 million)§ | ||||
| 1951 epidemic (Feb–Apr) | All ages | 5.5 (0.48) | 9.0 (0.25) | |
| 1957 pandemic (Oct 1957–Mar 1958) | All ages | 11.5 (1.00) | 36.3 (1.00) | |
*Unadjusted death rates (see Figure 3 for rates adjusted for demographics and trends in health care and socioeconomic status).
†P&I, pneumonia and influenza.
‡RR, ratio of excess death rate in 1951 to excess death rate in 1957.
§Population in 1951.
Page created: January 23, 2012
Page updated: January 23, 2012
Page reviewed: January 23, 2012
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.