Volume 12, Number 9—September 2006
Research
Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis Management in Resource-limited Settings
Eva Nathanson*
, Catharina Lambregts-van Weezenbeek†, Michael Rich‡, Rajesh Gupta*, Jaime Bayona‡§, Kai Blöndal†, José A. Caminero¶, J. Peter Cegielski#, Manfred Danilovits**, Marcos A. Espinal*, Vahur Hollo††, Ernesto Jaramillo*, Vaira Leimane‡‡, Carole D. Mitnick§§, Joia S. Mukherjee§§, Paul Nunn*, Alexander Pasechnikov‡¶¶, Thelma E. Tupasi##, Charles Wells#, and Mario C. Raviglione*
, Catharina Lambregts-van Weezenbeek†, Michael Rich‡, Rajesh Gupta*, Jaime Bayona‡§, Kai Blöndal†, José A. Caminero¶, J. Peter Cegielski#, Manfred Danilovits**, Marcos A. Espinal*, Vahur Hollo††, Ernesto Jaramillo*, Vaira Leimane‡‡, Carole D. Mitnick§§, Joia S. Mukherjee§§, Paul Nunn*, Alexander Pasechnikov‡¶¶, Thelma E. Tupasi##, Charles Wells#, and Mario C. Raviglione*
Table 3
Frequency of drugs used in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis control program treatment regimens
| Drug | Estonia, n (%) | Latvia, n (%) | Lima, n (%) | Manila, n (%) | Tomsk, n (%) | Total, n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethambutol | 44 (95.7) | 117 (47.8) | 102 (20.1) | 43 (41.0) | 28 (19.6) | 334 (31.9) |
| Pyrazinamide | 1 (2.2) | 99 (40.4) | 146 (28.7) | 88 (83.8) | 84 (58.7) | 418 (39.9) |
| Streptomycin | 1 (2.2) | 9 (3.7) | 104 (20.5) | 51 (48.6) | 0 | 165 (15.8) |
| Capreomycin | 11 (23.9) | 115 (46.9) | 199 (39.2) | 23 (21.9) | 94 (65.7) | 442 (42.2) |
| Cycloserine | 45 (97.8) | 189 (77.1) | 316 (62.2) | 100 (95.2) | 142 (99.3) | 792 (75.6) |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0 | 0 | 257 (50.6) | 18 (17.1) | 0 | 275 (26.3) |
| Clofazimine | 0 | 0 | 13 (2.6) | 0 | 0 | 13 (1.2) |
| Kanamycin | 7 (15.2) | 129 (52.7) | 167 (32.9) | 91 (86.7) | 47 (32.9) | 441 (42.1) |
| Levofloxacin | 1 (2.2) | 0 | 0 | 30 (28.6) | 0 | 31 (3.0) |
| Ofloxacin | 35 (76.1) | 242 (98.8) | 44 (8.7) | 87 (82.9) | 142 (99.3) | 550 (52.5) |
| p-Aminosalicylic acid | 26 (56.5) | 71 (29.0) | 323 (63.6) | 98 (93.3) | 118 (82.5) | 636 (60.7) |
| Prothionamide or ethionamide | 38 (82.6) | 154 (62.9) | 244 (48.0) | 104 (99.0) | 94 (65.7) | 634 (60.6) |
| Augmentin | 4 (8.7) | 7 (2.9) | 325 (64.0) | 0 | 2 (1.4) | 338 (32.3) |
| Clarithromycin | 4 (8.7) | 1 (0.4) | 67 (13.2) | 46 (43.8) | 3 (2.1) | 121 (11.6) |
| Sparfloxacin | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 (13.3) | 0 | 14 (1.3) |
| Thiacetazone | 0 | 164 (66.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 (15.7) |
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