Volume 13, Number 10—October 2007
Dispatch
Human Metapneumovirus Infection among Children, Bangladesh
W. Abdullah Brooks*†
, Dean D. Erdman‡, Pauline Terebuh§, Alexander Klimov‡, Doli Goswami*, Amina Tahia Sharmeen*, Tasnim Azim*, Stephen P. Luby*, Carolyn Bridges‡, and Robert Breiman¶
, Dean D. Erdman‡, Pauline Terebuh§, Alexander Klimov‡, Doli Goswami*, Amina Tahia Sharmeen*, Tasnim Azim*, Stephen P. Luby*, Carolyn Bridges‡, and Robert Breiman¶
Table 2
Demographic and clinical characteristics of children <13 years of age presenting with fever, Kamalampur, Bangladesh, December 2000–December 2001*
| Variables† | HMPV positive (N = 20) | HMPV negative (N = 87) | Relative odds (95% CI) | p value‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age, y§ (SD, 95% CI) | 4.5 (2.6; 3.2–5.7) | 4.5 (3.1; 3.9–5.2) | – | 0.951 |
| Mean age for 0–4 age range, y§ (SD, 95% CI) | 2.9 (1.4; 2.1–3.8) | 2.3 (1.2; 2.0–2.7) | – | 0.113 |
| Mean age for 5–12 age range, y§ (SD, 95% CI) |
7.3 (1.9; 5.5–9.0) |
7.7 (1.8; 7.1–8.4) |
– |
0.556 |
| Children <5 y, no. (%) | 13 (65.0) | 52 (59.8) | 1.25 (0.41–4.08) | 0.801 |
| Male gender, no. (%) | 9 (45.0) | 49 (56.3) | 0.63 (0.21–1.89) | 0.457 |
| Duration of fever prior to clinic,§ d (SD, 95% CI) |
3.1 (0.8; 2.7–3.5) |
3.1 (1.7; 2.7–3.4) |
– |
0.983 |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Headache, no. (%) | 8 (40.0) | 34 (39.1) | 1.04 (0.33–3.10) | 1.000 |
| Body pain, no. (%) | 4 (20.0) | 25 (28.7) | 0.62 (0.14–2.20) | 0.580 |
| Rhinorrhea, no. (%) | 16 (80.0) | 60 (69.0) | 1.80 (0.51–8.06) | 0.419 |
| Difficulty breathing, no. (%) | 3 (15.0) | 4 (4.6) | 3.66 (0.48–23.48) | 0.119 |
| Normal activity/behavior, no. (%) | 15 (75.0) | 64 (73.6) | 0.73 (0.22–2.20) | 0.620 |
| Fever,§ °C (SD, 95% CI) | 39.2 (0.6; 39.0–39.5) | 39.1 (0.6; 39.0–39.2) | – | 0.899 |
| High fever (>39°C), no. (%) | 10 (50.0) | 49 (56.3) | 0.78 (0.26–2.32) | 0.627 |
| Respiratory rate§ (SD, 95% CI) | 42 (11; 36–47) | 41 (9; 39–43) | – | 0.808 |
| Crepitations (rales) or wheezing, no. (%) | 11 (55.0) | 28 (32.1) | 2.57 (0.85–7.86) | 0.072 |
| Altered mental status,¶ no. (%) | 5 (25.0) | 8 (9.2) | 3.29 (0.73–13.19) | 0.065 |
| Altered mental status¶ if <5 y#, no. (%) |
5 (38.5) |
6 (11.5) |
4.79 (0.90–23.86) |
0.035 |
| Pneumonia/LRTI diagnosis, no. (%) | 8 (40.0%) | 14 (16.1) | 3.48 (1.02–11.24) | 0.029 |
*HPMV, human metapneumovirus; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; LRTI, lower respiratory tract illness.
†Categorical variables report N persons (percent of persons with characteristic in each group). Compared by 2 x 2 table, odds ratio with 95% CI.
‡2-tailed Fisher exact text.
§Continuous variables. Means compared by using Student t test.
¶Irritability, lethargy.
#N = 65 children <5 y.
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