Volume 13, Number 12—December 2007
Dispatch
Risk Factors for West Nile Virus Neuroinvasive Disease, California, 2005
Cynthia M. Jean*
, Somayeh Honarmand*, Janice K. Louie*, and Carol A. Glaser*
, Somayeh Honarmand*, Janice K. Louie*, and Carol A. Glaser*
Table 1
Characteristics of WNV cases reported in California, 2005*
| Characteristic | WNND, no./total (%) | WNF, no./total (%) | 95% Confidence interval | p value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, M | 188/305 (62) | 270/534 (51) | 1.18–2.09 | <0.01 |
| Age, y | ||||
| <18 | 12/305 (4) | 19/534 (4) | 0.53–2.32 | 0.85 |
| 18–44 | 73/305 (24) | 180/534 (34) | 0.45–0.85 | <0.01 |
| 45–64 | 121/305 (40) | 240/534 (45) | 0.61–1.07 | 0.15 |
| 65–74 | 51/305 (17) | 61/534 (11) | 1.09–2.33 | 0.03 |
| >75 |
48/305 (16) |
33/534 (6) |
1.78–4.53 |
<0.0001 |
| Symptom | ||||
| Fever | 254/283 (90) | 315/456 (69) | 2.54–6.04 | <0.0001 |
| Headache | 202/262 (77) | 387/483 (80) | 0.58–1.20 | 0.33 |
| Rash | 54/244 (22) | 239/469 (51) | 0.19–0.39 | <0.0001 |
| Muscle pain/weakness | 215/274 (78) | 393/485 (81) | 0.59–1.23 | 0.40 |
| Seizures | 11/153 (7) | 2/313 (0.6) | 2.64–55.06 | 0.001 |
| Altered mental status | 148/275 (54) | 68/463 (15) | 4.77–9.61 | <0.0001 |
*WNV, West Nile virus; WNND, West Nile neuroinvasive disease; WNF, West Nile fever.
†Fisher exact test, 2-tailed.
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