Volume 14, Number 7—July 2008
Research
Seasonality, Annual Trends, and Characteristics of Dengue among Ill Returned Travelers, 1997–2006
Table 2
Characteristic |
Ill returned travelers with dengue |
Ill returned travelers with malaria |
Ill returned travelers without dengue or malaria |
Total ill returned travelers |
---|---|---|---|---|
No. cases | 522 | 1,605 | 22,793 | 24,920 |
Age group, %* | ||||
<18 y | 1.3 | 5.6 | 3.9 | 3.9 |
18–44 y | 79.2 | 68.4 | 69.1 | 69.3 |
45–55 y | 12.4 | 17.2 | 14.7 | 14.7 |
>56 y |
7.1 |
8.9 |
12.4 |
12.0 |
Female sex, %* |
46.1 |
30.1 |
49.7 |
48.3 |
Pretravel encounter, %* | ||||
Yes | 61.3 | 42.8 | 53.6 | 53.1 |
No | 28.6 | 43.7 | 33.6 | 34.1 |
Unknown |
10.1 |
13.5 |
12.8 |
12.8 |
Inpatient, %* |
24.8 |
50.3 |
6.6 |
9.8 |
Duration of travel, d* | ||||
25% travelers | 14 d | 21 d | 14 d | 14 d |
50% travelers | 28 d | 34 d | 28 d | 28 d |
75% travelers |
67 d |
95 d |
132 d |
123 d |
Time from travel to symptoms, %* | ||||
<2 week | 75.5 | 53.3 | 41.8 | 43.3 |
>2 week |
24.5 |
46.7 |
58.2 |
56.7 |
Patient classification %* | ||||
Immigrant | 7.9 | 35.1 | 13.6 | 14.9 |
Temporary visitor | 4.2 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
Expatriate | 8.4 | 13.7 | 10.0 | 10.2 |
All other travelers |
79.5 |
48.4 |
74.5 |
73.1 |
Reason for recent travel, %* | ||||
Tourism | 69.3 | 29.1 | 60.3 | 58.5 |
Business | 10.5 | 16.0 | 14.0 | 14.1 |
Research/education or Missionary/volunteer | 10.2 | 14.5 | 12.7 | 12.8 |
Visiting friends or relatives† | 9.8 | 40.1 | 12.5 | 14.2 |
*Significant differences in travelers with dengue vs. malaria (p<0.05).
†1st or 2nd generation immigrant originally from a low-income country now living in a high-income country, visiting friend and relatives in the country of the family’s origin.
1In addition to the authors, members of the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network who contributed data are: Elizabeth Barnett, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Graham Brown, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Giampiero Carosi and Francesco Castelli, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Lin Chen and Mary Wilson, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Bradley Connor, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA; Jean Delmont and Philippe Parola, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France; Devon Hale and Stefanie Gelman, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Elaine Jong and Jean Haulman, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Phyllis Kozarsky and Carlos Franco, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Carmelo Licitra, Orlando Regional Health Center, Orlando, Florida, USA; Louis Loutan and Francois Chappuis, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Poh Lian Lim, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Michael Lynch, Fresno International Travel Medical Center, Fresno, California, USA; Susan McLellan, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Prativa Pandey, CIWEC Clinic Travel Medicine Center, Kathmandu, Nepal; Cecilia Perret, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Bradley Sack and Robin McKenzie, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Hiroko Sagara, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Japan; Marc Shaw, Worldwise Travellers Health and Vaccination Centre, Auckland, New Zealand; Robert Steffan and Patricia Schlagenhauf, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; William Stauffer and Patricia Walker, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; and Murray Wittner, Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.