Volume 15, Number 11—November 2009
Research
Imported Infectious Diseases in Mobile Populations, Spain
Table 3
Disease diagnoses in immigrants, by area of origin, Tropical Medicine Unit, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain, 1989–2008*
| Diagnostic category and disease | Total population, no. (%), N = 2,198 | Sub-Saharan Africans, no. (%), n = 1,564 | Latin Americans, no. (%), n = 634 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tropical infectious diseases | ||||
| Filariasis | 421 (19.2) | 418 (26.7) | 3 (0.4) | 0.001 |
| Intestinal parasites | 242 (11.0) | 162 (10.4) | 80 (12.6) | 0.15 |
| Malaria | 212 (9.6) | 199 (12.7) | 13 (2.1) | 0.001 |
| Chagas disease | 101 (4.5) | 0 | 101 (15.9) | |
| Schistosomiasis | 39 (1.8) | 38 (2.4) | 1 (0.2) | 0.001 |
| Cysticercosis | 31 (1.4) | 3 (0.2) | 28 (4.4 ) | 0.001 |
| Transmissible infectious diseases | ||||
| Latent tuberculosis | 716 (32.6) | 596 (61.2) | 120 (18.9) | 0.001 |
| Active tuberculosis | 107 (4.8) | 52 (3.3) | 55 (8.7) | 0.001 |
| Hepatotropic virus, acute infection† | 31 (1.4) | 27 (1.7) | 4 (0.6) | 0.075 |
| Hepatotropic virus, chronic infection‡ | 262 (11.9) | 257 (16.4) | 10 (1.6) | 0.001 |
| Sexually transmitted infections§ | 107 (4.9) | 92 (5.9) | 15 (2.4) | 0.002 |
| HIV infection | 97 (4.4) | 82 (5.2) | 15 (2.4) | 0.005 |
| Leprosy | 8 (0.4) | 3 (0.2) | 5 (0.8) | 0.02 |
| Common infectious diseases | ||||
| Respiratory infections | 61 (2.8) | 36 (2.3) | 25 (3.9) | 0.013 |
| Gastrointestinal bacterial infections | 92 (4.2) | 69 (4.4) | 23 (3.6) | 0.705 |
| Urinary infections | 69 (3.1) | 45 (2.9) | 24 (3.8) | 0.135 |
| Skin infections | 80 (3.6) | 71 (4.5) | 9 (1.4) | 0.001 |
| Infrequent infections | 36 (1.7 ) | 20 (1.3) | 16 (2.5) | 0.025 |
| Noninfectious diseases | 596 (27.1) | 430 (27.5) | 166 (26.2) | 0.978 |
*Because each patient could have >1 diagnosis, the number of cases can be higher than the number of patients. Percentages have been calculated as number of cases divided by number of patients in each group (total population, sub-Sahara African immigrants, or, Latin American immigrants).
†Acute infections with hepatotropic virus caused by hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis E virus, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus
‡Chronic infections with hepatotropic virus were caused by hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis D virus.
§Sexually transmitted infections comprised syphilis, bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, gonococcal urethritis, Chlamydia trachomatis, and genital herpes virus.