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Volume 15, Number 11—November 2009
Research

Hepatitis E Outbreak on Cruise Ship

Bengü SaidComments to Author , Samreen Ijaz, George Kafatos, Linda Booth, H. Lucy Thomas, Amanda Walsh, Mary Ramsay, Dilys Morgan, on behalf of the Hepatitis E Incident Investigation Team1
Author affiliations: Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, London, UK (B. Said, S. Ijaz, G. Kafatos, A. Walsh, M. Ramsay, D. Morgan); Hampshire and Isle of Wight Health Protection Unit, Whitely, UK (L. Booth); North West London Health Protection Unit, London (H.L. Thomas)

Main Article

Table 2

Univariate analysis of probability of having recent acute HEV infection, world cruise ship passengers, 2008, by potential exposures on board ship*

Exposure HEV negative HEV positive OR 95% CI p value
Ate shellfish (n = 499)
No 113 2 1.00 Baseline
Yes
 356
 28
 4.44
 1.17–16.83
 0.025†
Ate lobster (n = 319)
No 263 9 1.00 Baseline
Yes
 38
 9
 6.92
 2.89–16.58
 <0.001‡
Ate crab (n = 320)
No 283 14 1.00 Baseline
Yes
 19
 4
 4.26
 1.39–13.02
 0.011‡
Ate shellfish in restaurant A (n = 263)
No 187 7 1.00 Baseline
Yes
 63
 6
 2.54
 0.85–7.61
 0.094‡
Ate bacon (n = 497)
No 75 1 1.00 Baseline
Yes
 392
 29
 5.55
 0.93–33.25
 0.067†
Ate cured pork (n = 454)
No 272 14 1.00 Baseline
Yes
 154
 14
 1.77
 0.83–3.77
 0.141‡
Ate paté (n = 434)
No 260 9 1.00 Baseline
Yes
 151
 14
 2.68
 1.16–6.16
 0.020†
Ate eggs (n = 499)
No 39 0 1.00 Baseline
Yes
 430
 30
Not estimable
 0.155‡
Ate unpasteurized cheese (n = 465)
No 194 7 1.00 Baseline
Yes
 240
 24
 2.77
 1.21–6.37
 0.016†
Ate venison (n = 451)
No 326 17 1.00 Baseline
Yes
 96
 12
 2.40
 1.13–5.10
 0.023†
Swam in pool C (n = 494)
No 336 16 1.00 Baseline
Yes
 130
 12
 1.94
 0.9–4.16
 0.089†
Participated in any water activities (n = 493)
No 210 8 1.00 Baseline
Yes 254 21 2.17 0.96–4.92 0.063†

*HEV, hepatitis E virus; CI, confidence interval. n values indicate number of responses received in each category.
†χ2 test.
‡Fisher exact test.

Main Article

1Other members of the Hepatitis E Incident Investigation Team: Helen Harris, Rosie Zambra, Richard Tedder, Ariane Halm, John Woodhouse, Annette Wood, Autilia Newton, Deborah Wilson, Erika Duffell, Grainne Nixon, Keith Neal, Susan Bennett, Sultan Salimee, Torbjorn Sundkvist, Sandra Johnson, Debbie Harmer, Ashesh Modi, Valerie Decraene, Alison Smith Palmer, John Cowden, Robert Smith, Meirion Evans, Catherine Mitten, Faustina Montsho-Hammond, Peter Sheridan, and Charles Irish.

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The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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