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Volume 15, Number 4—April 2009
Research

Oseltamivir-Resistant Influenza Virus A (H1N1), Europe, 2007–08 Season

Adam MeijerComments to Author , Angie Lackenby, Olav Hungnes, Bruno Lina, Sylvie van der Werf, Brunhilde Schweiger, Matthias Opp, John Paget, Jan van de Kassteele, Alan Hay, Maria Zambon, on behalf of the European Influenza Surveillance Scheme
Author affiliations: Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands (A. Meijer, J. Paget); National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands (A. Meijer, J. van de Kassteele); European Surveillance Network for Vigilance against Viral Resistance (A. Lackenby, B. Lina, S. van der Werf, A. Hay, M. Zambon); Health Protection Agency, London, UK (A. Lackenby, M. Zambon); Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway (O. Hungnes); Centre National de Référence des Virus Influenza (Région Sud), Lyon, France (B. Lina); Centre National de Référence des Virus Influenza (Région Nord), Paris, France (S. van der Werf); Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany (B. Schweiger); Laboratoire National de Santé, Luxembourg, Luxembourg (M. Opp); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre Medical Research Council/National Institute of Medical Research, London (A. Hay)

Main Article

Figure 6

Phylogenetic comparisons of the hemagglutinin (A) and neuraminidase (B) genes of influenza viruses A (H1N1). Sequences of oseltamivir-resistant viruses, possessing the H275Y (H274Y in N2 numbering) mutation are in boldface; vaccine strains are in italics. Common amino acid changes that distinguish clades 1 and 2 and subgroups of clade 2 are shown. Scale bars indicate 0.01 nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure 6. Phylogenetic comparisons of the hemagglutinin (A) and neuraminidase (B) genes of influenza viruses A (H1N1). Sequences of oseltamivir-resistant viruses, possessing the H275Y (H274Y in N2 numbering) mutation are in boldface; vaccine strains are in italics. Common amino acid changes that distinguish clades 1 and 2 and subgroups of clade 2 are shown. Scale bars indicate 0.01 nucleotide substitutions per site.

Main Article

1European Influenza Surveillance Scheme members, 2007–08 season: P. Lachner, T. Popow-Kraupp, R. Strauss (Austria); B. Brochier, M. Sabbe, I. Thomas, V. Casteren, F. Yane (Belgium); T. Georgieva, M. Kojouharova, R. Kotseva, A. Kurchatova (Bulgaria); B. Aleraj, V. Drazenovic (Croatia); D. Bagatzouni-Pieridou, A. Elia (Cyprus); M. Havlickova, J. Kyncl (Czech Republic); S. Glismann, A. Mazick, L. Nielsen (Denmark); D.M. Fleming, A. Lackenby, J. Watson, M. Zambon (England); O. Sadikova, I. Sarv (Estonia); T. Ziegler (Finland); J.-M. Cohen, V. Enouf, B. Lina, A. Mosnier, M. Valette, S. van der Werf (France); U. Buchholz, W. Haas, B. Schweiger (Germany); A.G. Kossivakis, V. Kyriazopoulou-Dalaina, A. Mentis, G. Spala (Greece); G. Berencsi, A. Csohán, I. Jankovics (Hungary); S. Coughlan, L. Domegan, M. Duffy, M. Joyce, J. O’Donnell, D. O'Flanagan (Ireland); F. Ansaldi, P. Crovari, I. Donatelli, F. Pregliasco (Italy); R. Nikiforova, I. Van Velicko, N. Zamjatina (Latvia); A. Griskevicius, N. Kupreviciene, G. Rimseliene (Lithuania); J. Mossong, M. Opp (Luxembourg); C. Barbara, T. Melillo (Malta); A. Arkema, T. Meerhoff, W.J. Paget, K. van der Velden, (EISS-CC, the Netherlands); F. Dijkstra, G. Donker, J.C. de Jong, A. Meijer, G. Rimmelzwaan, M. van der Sande, B. Wilbrink (the Netherlands); P. Coyle, H. Kennedy, H. O’Neill (Northern Ireland); O. Hungnes, B. Iversen (Norway); L. Brydak, M. Romanowska (Poland); I.M. Falcão, J.M. Falcão, H. Rebelo de Andrade (Portugal); V. Alexandrescu, E. Lupulescu (Romania); W. Carman, R. Gunson, J. Kean, J. McMenamin (Scotland); N. Milic, J. Nedeljkovic (Serbia); H. Blaskovicova, Z. Kristufkova, M. Sláciková (Slovakia); K. Prosenc, M. Socan (Slovenia); I. Casas, A. Larrrauri, S. de Mateo, R. Ortiz de Lejarazu, P. Pérez-Breña, T. Pumarola Suñé, T. Vega Alonso (Spain); M. Brytting, A. Linde, P. Penttinen, S. Rubinova (Sweden); Y. Thomas, M. Witschi (Switzerland); N. Yilmaz (Turkey); M. Aranova, A. Mironenko (Ukraine); A. Hay (United Kingdom); and R. Jones, D. Thomas (Wales).

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