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Volume 15, Number 6—June 2009
Research

Changes in Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Streptococcus pneumonia after 7-Valent Conjugate Vaccination, Spain

Adela G. de la CampaComments to Author , Carmen Ardanuy, Luz Balsalobre, Emilio Pérez-Trallero, Jose M. Marimón, Asunción Fenoll, and Josefina Liñares
Author affiliations: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (A.G. de la Campa, L. Balsalobre, A. Fenoll); Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mallorca, Spain (A.G. de la Campa, C. Ardanuy, L. Balsalobre, E. Pérez-Trallero, J. M. Marimón, J. Liñares); Hospital Universitary de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain (C. Ardanuy, J. Liñares); Hospital Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain (E. Pérez-Trallero, J.M. Marimón)

Main Article

Table 1

Comparison of 2 surveillance studies on ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Spain, 2002 and 2006*

Characteristic No. ciproflaxin resistant/no. isolates (%)
 p value
2002 2006
Ciproflaxin resistance
Global 75/2,882 (2.6) 98/4,215 (2.3) NS
Low-level (MICs 4–8 μg/mL) 14/75 (18.7) 30/98 (30.6) NS
High-level (MICs >16 μg/mL) 61/75 (81.3) 68/98 (69.4) NS
In persons <15 years of age 0/978 (0) 2/1,446 (0.14) NS
In persons 15–64 years of age 22/1,166 (1.9) 34/1,455 (2.3) NS
In persons >64 years of age 53/738 (7.2) 62/1,314 (4.7) 0.02
PCV7 serotypes
 49/75 (65.3)
 35/98 (35.7)
 <0.001
Other antimicrobial drug resistance No. resistant/no. ciproflaxin-resistant isolates (%)
Penicillin MIC >0.12 μg/mL 55/75 (73.3) 44/98 (44.9) <0.001
Erythromycin MIC >0.5 μg/mL 53/75 (70.7) 53/98 (54.1) 0.03
Clindamycin MIC >1 μg/mL 47/75 (62.7) 45/98 (45.9) 0.03
Chloramphenicol MIC >8 μg/mL 33/75 (44.0) 11/98 (11.2) <0.001
Tetracycline MIC >4 μg/mL 52/75 (69.3) 39/98 (39.8) <0.001
Cotrimoxazole MIC >4/76 μg/mL†
 51/75 (68.0)
 47/98 (47.8)
 0.008
Multidrug resistance (>3 drugs) 55/75 (73.3) 48/98 (49.0) <0.001

*NS, not significant; PCV7, 7-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine. Ciproflaxin resistance is defined by Chen et al. (30) as an MIC >4 μg/mL.
†MIC is 4 μg/mL for trimethoprim and 76 μg/mL for sulfamethoxazole.

Main Article

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