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Volume 16, Number 10—October 2010
Dispatch

Predicting Need for Hospitalization of Patients with Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Shawn Vasoo, Kamaljit SinghComments to Author , and Gordon M. Trenholme
Author affiliations: Author affiliation: Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Main Article

Table 2

Clinical characteristics of nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients who had pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infection, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA, April 29–June 22, 2009*

Characteristic Nonhospitalized patients, n = 51 Hospitalized patients, 
n = 32 ICU patients,
n = 16 Nonhospitalized vs. hospitalized patients
 ICU vs. non–ICU patients†
p value OR 
(95% CI) p value OR 
(95% CI)
Duration of ILI before evauulation, d, median (range) 2 (0–7) 3 (1–7) 3 (1–7) 0.15‡ – 0.20‡ –
Subjective fever, no. (%) 46 (90.2) 27 (84.4) 14 (87.5) 0.50 0.59 
(0.16–2.2) 1.00 0.95 
(0.18–5.0)
Headache, no. (%) 18 (35.3) 5 (15.6) 1 (6.3) 0.05§ 0.34 
(0.11–1.0) 0.03 0.14 
(0.02–1.1)
Cough, no. (%) 50 (98.0) 25/31 (80.7) 14 (87.5) 0.01 0.08 
(0.01–0.73) 0.62 0.57 
(0.10–3.3)
Rhinorrhea, no. (%) 40 (78.4) 13/31 (41.9) 7 (43.8) 0.001§ 0.20 
(0.08-0.53) 0.05§ 0.34 
(0.11–1.0)
Sore throat, no. (%) 24 (47.1) 2/31 (6.5) 1 (6.3) <0.0001§ 0.08 
(0.02–0.36) 0.02§ 0.11 
(0.01–0.88)
Myalgia, no. (%) 21 (41.2) 6/31 (19.4) 2 (12.5) 0.04§ 0.34 
(0.12–0.98) 0.053§ 0.23 
(0.05–1.1)
Dyspnea, no. (%) 2 (3.9) 15 (46.9) 11(68.8) <0.0001§¶ 21.6 
(4.5–104.4) <0.0001¶ 22.4 
(5.8–86.2)
Nausea/vomiting, no. (%) 14 (27.5) 9/31 (29.0) 4 (25.0) 0.88§ 1.1 
(0.40–2.9) 1.00 0.83 
(0.24–2.9)
Obesity (BMI >30 or weight >95th percentile), no. (%) 12/37 (32.4) 11/22 (50.0) 4/10 (40.0) 0.18§ 2.1 
(0.71–6.2) 1.00 1.1 
(0.26–4.2)
Tachypnea, no. (%) 9/49 (18.4) 16/31 (51.6) 10 (62.5) 0.002§ 4.7
(1.7–13.0) 0.003§ 5.4 
(1.7–17.5)
O2 saturation, % (range) 99 (96–100) 95 (65–100) 92 (65–100) <0.0001‡¶ – <0.0001‡¶ –
Hypoxia (SpO2 <92%), no. (%) 0 10 (31.3) 9 (56.3) <0.0001 – <0.0001 84.9 
(9.3–772.0)
Lymphopenia,# no. (%) 9/12 (75.0) 21 (65.6) 10 (62.5) 0.72 0.64 
(0.14–2.80) 0.54§ 0.67 
(0.18–2.5)
Thrombocytopenia,# no. (%) 1/12 (8) 8 (25.0) 5 (31.3) 0.41 3.70 
(0.41–33.00) 0.25 2.7 
(0.6–12.2)
Acute renal failure,** no. (%) 0 5 (15.6) 4 (25.0) 0.007 – 0.004 22.0 
(2.3–214.2)
Infiltrate on chest radiograph, no. (%) 0 11/29 (37.9) 11 (68.9) 0.001 – <0.0001 –

*p values by Fisher exact test except as indicated. Values given as no./no. indicate number of patients for whom results were available (if less than total no. patients in category). ICU, intensive care unit; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ILI, influenza-like illness; –, not applicable; BMI, body mass index; SpO2, pulse oximeter oxygen saturation.
†Nonhospitalized patients + hospitalized patients not in ICU; n = 67.
‡Mann-Whitney U test.
§Pearson 2-sided χ2 test.
¶Significant on multivariate analysis.
#Lymphopenia <1,500 lymphocytes/mm3, thrombocytopenia <150,000 thrombocytes/mm3.
**Assuming that patients who did not have biochemical testing did not have acute renal failure.

Main Article

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