Volume 16, Number 10—October 2010
Dispatch
Artesunate Misuse and Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Traveler Returning from Africa
Table
Results of sequencing single-nucleotide polymorphisms of Plasmodium falciparum isolate*
Strain |
Pfmdr1 |
PfATPase |
pfmdr1 copy no. |
CQ IC50, nmol/L |
MQ IC50, nmol/L |
ART IC50, nmol/L |
||||||
86 |
184 |
1034 |
1042 |
1246 |
623 |
769 |
||||||
3D7 | N | Y | S | N | D | A | S | 1.00 | 6.1 | 2.1 | 6.1 | |
W2 | Y | Y | S | N | D | A | S | 0.97 | 252 | 3.2 | 7.3 | |
Cameroon | Y | F | S | N | D | E | N | 1.85 | 163 | 7.7 | 8.07 | |
Congo | Y | F | S | N | D | E | N | 1.51 | 355 | 10.7 | 10.9 | |
Kenya | Y | F | S | N | D | E | N | 1.75 | 282 | 11.7 | 10.1 | |
Liberia | N | F | S | N | D | E | N | 1.65 | 109 | 16.2 | 16.5 | |
Nigeria C | Y | F | S | N | D | E | N | 1.06 | 222 | 8.7 | 8.1 | |
Nigeria A | N | F | S | N | D | E | N | 1.52 | 171 | 16.6 | 20.1 | |
Nigeria B | Y | F | S | N | D | E | N | 1.09 | 188 | 5.6 | 10.0 | |
Ghana | N | F | S | N | D | E | N | 0.96 | 24.0 | 11.6 | 14.2 | |
Tanzania | Y | F | S | N | Y | E | N | 1.88 | 381 | 7.8 | 16.6 | |
Angola | Y | F | S | N | D | E | N | 0.81 | 258 | 4.5 | 7.3 |
* At Pfmdr1 and PfATPase6 residues previously implicated in artemisinin resistance and gene copy number of pfmdr1 by quantitative real-time PCR in relation to mean IC50 (n = 3) data for key drugs (7,8,10). pfmdr1, P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1; CQ, chloroquine; MQ, mefloquine; ART, artemisinin; IC50., 50% minimum inhibitory concentration; N, asparagine; Y, tyrosine; S, serine; D, aspartic acid; A, alanine; E, glutamic acid; 3D7, chloroquine-sensitive laboratory strain; W2, chloroquine-resistant laboratory strain; Nigeria A, clinical isolate described in this report.
References
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