Volume 16, Number 12—December 2010
Dispatch
Proportion of Deaths and Clinical Features in Bundibugyo Ebola Virus Infection, Uganda
, Eileen C. Farnon, Joseph F. Wamala, Sam Okware, Deborah L. Cannon, Zachary Reed, Jonathan S. Towner, Jordan W. Tappero, Julius Lutwama, Robert Downing, Stuart T. Nichol, Thomas G. Ksiazek, and Pierre E. Rollin
Table
Demographic characteristics and signs and symptoms for 56 case-patients who had laboratory-confirmed EHF, Bundibugyo District, Uganda, in 2007*
| Characteristic | Case-patients confirmed by acute-phase sample, n = 43 |
Total no. confirmed case-patients, n = 56 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. survived, n = 26 | No. died, n = 17 | p value | ||
| Mean age, y (range) | 33 (12–50) | 42(20–70) | 0.039† | 37.4 (11–70) |
| Male sex (%) | 16 (62) | 8 (47) | >0.100‡ | 30 (54) |
| Mean incubation period, d (95% CI)§ |
5.7 (4.4–7.0) |
7.4 (5.4–9.3) |
>0.100† |
6.3 (5.2–7.3) |
| Signs and symptoms, no. reporting/no. available (%)¶ | ||||
| Fever | 26/26 (100) | 16/16 (100) | >0.100 | 55/55 (100) |
| Fatigue | 22/23 (96) | 14/14 (100) | >0.100 | 49/50 (98) |
| Headache | 21/25 (84) | 14/15 (93) | >0.100 | 48/53 (91) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 24/26 (92) | 13/15 (87) | >0.100 | 48/54 (89) |
| Abdominal pain | 23/26 (88) | 13/14 (93) | >0.100 | 47/53 (89) |
| Muscle/joint pain | 19/23 (83) | 12/14 (86) | >0.100 | 44/50 (88) |
| Diarrhea | 24/26 (92) | 13/15 (87) | >0.100 | 47/54 (87) |
| Anorexia/weight loss | 19/23 (83) | 12/15 (80) | >0.100 | 43/51 (84) |
| Difficulty swallowing | 10/23 (43) | 6/15 (60) | >0.100 | 27/51 (53) |
| Rash | 9/26 (35) | 5/15 (33) | >0.100 | 25/54 (46) |
| Difficulty breathing | 6/23 (26) | 8/14 (57) | 0.085 | 23/50 (46) |
| Hiccups | 4/23 (17) | 6/15 (40) | >0.100 | 16/51 (31) |
| Bleeding# | 11/26 (42) | 9/17 (53) | >0.100 | 30/56 (54) |
*EHF, Ebola hemorrhagic fever; CI, confidence interval.
†By 2-sample t-test.
‡By χ2 test.
§For case-patients reporting contact with a confirmed case-patient, or contact with case-patient X (see text for full description), based on time from last reported contact with case-patient to development of signs and symptoms (n = 16 for case-patients in Survived column; n = 8 for case-patients in Died column; n = 24 for all confirmed case-patients).
¶No. case-patients reporting the sign or symptom/no. case-patients with information available about presence of that the sign or symptom. p value was determined by Fisher exact test in which a comparison was made between the proportion of case-patients who survived vs. those who died.
#At least 1 of the following manifestations: bleeding from injection site, gums, eyes, nose, vagina; black or bloody stool; bloody vomitus; hematuria.