Volume 16, Number 3—March 2010
Dispatch
Experimental Infection of Squirrel Monkeys with Nipah Virus
Table 2
Detection of anti–Nipah virus antibodies in 12 squirrel monkeys by ELISA and seroneutralization assay*
Monkey | Mode of infection† | Serology‡ | Day postinfection |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 3 or 4 | 8 or 9 | 12 | 17 | 30 | 37 | 52 or 56 | |||
A§ | IV 103 | IgM | – | Neg | ||||||
IV 103 | IgG | – | Neg | |||||||
IV 103 |
Neutralization |
– |
Neg |
|||||||
B¶ | IV 103 | IgM | Neg | – | Neg | 0.396 | ||||
IV 103 | IgG | Neg | – | Neg | Neg | |||||
IV 103 |
Neutralization |
Neg |
– |
Neg |
Neg |
|||||
C¶ | IV 103 | IgM | Neg | – | 0.664 | – | – | |||
IV 103 | IgG | Neg | – | Neg | – | – | ||||
IV 103 |
Neutralization |
Neg |
– |
Neg |
– |
– |
||||
D§ | IV 107 | IgM | – | Neg | ||||||
IV 107 | IgG | – | Neg | |||||||
IV 107 |
Neutralization |
– |
Neg |
|||||||
E¶ | IV 107 | IgM | Neg | – | 1.343 | |||||
IV 107 | IgG | Neg | – | 0.562 | ||||||
IV 107 |
Neutralization |
Neg |
– |
40 |
||||||
F | IV 107 | IgM | Neg | – | 1.550 | – | – | 0.374 | – | 0.175 |
IV 107 | IgG | Neg | – | 0.369 | – | – | 2.867 | – | 3.023 | |
IV 107 |
Neutralization |
Neg |
– |
80 |
– |
– |
>1,280 |
– |
>1,280 |
|
G§ | IN 103 | IgM | Neg | Neg | ||||||
IN 103 | IgG | Neg | Neg | |||||||
IN 103 |
Neutralization |
Neg |
Neg |
|||||||
H | IN 103 | IgM | – | – | Neg | – | – | Neg | – | Neg |
IN 103 | IgG | – | – | Neg | – | – | Neg | – | Neg | |
IN 103 |
Neutralization |
– |
– |
Neg |
– |
– |
Neg |
– |
Neg |
|
I | IN 103 | IgM | – | – | Neg | – | – | Neg | Neg | Neg |
IN 103 | IgG | – | – | Neg | – | – | Neg | Neg | Neg | |
IN 103 |
Neutralization |
– |
– |
Neg |
– |
– |
Neg |
Neg |
Neg |
|
J§ | IN 107 | IgM | – | Neg | ||||||
IN 107 | IgG | – | Neg | |||||||
IN 107 |
Neutralization |
– |
Neg |
|||||||
K | IN 107 | IgM | Neg | – | – | – | 0.286 | |||
IN 107 | IgG | Neg | – | – | – | 1.757 | ||||
IN 107 |
Neutralization |
Neg |
– |
– |
– |
80 |
||||
L | IN 107 | IgM | – | – | 0.375 | 0.248 | Neg | |||
IN 107 | IgG | – | – | Neg | 2.078 | 2.308 | ||||
IN 107 | Neutralization | – | – | Neg | 320 | 320 |
*IV, intravenous; Ig, immunoglobulin; IN, intranasal; dpi, days postinfection.
†Mode of infection and delivered viral dose (in PFU).
‡IgG and IgM antibodies were determined by ELISA and results are presented as absorbance readings. Neutralization titers are expressed as reciprocal values of 2-fold serum dilutions required to completely inhibit cytopathic effect of 25 PFU of Nipah virus on Vero cells.
§Early systemic euthanasia: 3 dpi (A and D) or 4 dpi (G and J).
¶Death caused by Nipah virus infection, B: 12 dpi, C: 21 dpi, and E: 8 dpi.