Historical Distribution and Molecular Diversity of Bacillus anthracis, Kazakhstan
Alim M. Aikembayev
1, Larissa Lukhnova, Gulnara Temiraliyeva, Tatyana Meka-Mechenko, Yerlan Pazylov, Sarkis Zakaryan, Georgiy Denissov, W. Ryan Easterday, Matthew N. Van Ert
2, Paul Keim, Stephen C. Francesconi, Jason K. Blackburn
3, Martin Hugh-Jones
, and Ted Hadfield
Author affiliations: Kazakhstan Scientific Center for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan (A.M. Aikembayev, L. Lukhnova, G. Temiraliyeva, T. Meka-Mechenko, Y. Pazylov, S. Zakaryan, G. Denissov); Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA (W.R. Easterday, P. Keim); Midwest Research Institute, Palm Bay, Florida, USA (M.N. Van Ert, T. Hadfield); The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA (P. Keim); Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA (S.C. Francesconi); California State University, Fullerton, California, USA (J.K. Blackburn); Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (M. Hugh-Jones);
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Figure 3
Figure 3. Geographic distribution of genotypes of Bacillus anthracis strains in Kazakhstan (A), with a closer view of outbreaks within eastern and southern Kazakhstan (B). Different genotypes are represented by different shapes and color coding reflecting major genetic affiliations (C). * and † indicate novel subgroups. Scale bar indicates genetic difference.
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Page updated: December 23, 2010
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