Volume 16, Number 9—September 2010
Research
Long-Term Health Risks for Children and Young Adults after Infective Gastroenteritis
, Jane S. Heyworth, Geoffrey M. Forbes, and Thomas V. Riley
Table 4
Crude and adjusted rate ratio and attributable risk for first-time hospitalization for sequelae, by type of prior infection and classification of sequelae, Western Australia, Australia, January 1,1985–December 31, 2000*
| Type of sequelae and type of prior infection | Crude rate ratio, RR (95% CI) | Adjusted† rate ratio, RR (95% CI) | Adjusted AR, %‡ | Goodness of fit§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any | 0.05 | |||
| Campylobacteriosis | 1.56 (1.43–1.69) | 1.52 (1.39–1.66) | 34 | |
| Giardiasis | 2.10 (1.91–2.31) | 1.51 (1.36–1.68) | 34 | |
| Salmonellosis | 1.86 (1.71–2.03) | 1.39 (1.26–1.53) | 28 | |
| Viral enteritis | 2.10 (1.96–2.24) | 1.68 (1.56–1.81) | 40 | |
| Enteritis/gastroenteritis NOS |
2.60 (2.51–2.70) |
1.76 (1.70–1.84) |
43 |
|
| Extragastrointestinal | 0.07 | |||
| Campylobacteriosis | 1.50 (1.37–1.64) | 1.45 (1.32–1.60) | 31 | |
| Giardiasis | 2.26 (2.04–2.49) | 1.54 (1.38–1.73) | 35 | |
| Salmonellosis | 2.01 (1.85–2.21) | 1.43 (1.29–1.58) | 31 | |
| Viral enteritis | 2.12 (1.98–2.27) | 1.63 (1.51–1.76) | 39 | |
| Enteritis/gastroenteritis NOS |
2.69 (2.58–2.80) |
1.74 (1.66–1.82) |
43 |
|
| Intragastrointestinal | 0.02 | |||
| Campylobacteriosis | 1.76 (1.51–2.05) | 1.64 (1.40–1.93) | 39 | |
| Giardiasis | 1.37 (1.10–1.68) | 1.29 (1.03–1.61) | 23 | |
| Salmonellosis | 1.09 (0.87–1.34) | 1.00 (0.79–1.25) | 0 | |
| Viral enteritis | 1.99 (1.72–2.29) | 1.56 (1.34–1.85) | 36 | |
| Enteritis/gastroenteritis NOS | 2.03 (1.88–2.20) | 1.66 (1.52–1.81) | 40 |
*RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval; AR, attributable risk; NOS, not otherwise specified.
†Multivariate Cox regression estimating the adjusted rate ratio of first-time hospitalization for any, intragastrointestinal, and extragastrointestinal sequelae. Adjusted for gender,indigenous status, year of birth, age at exposure or proxy, singleton, weight at birth, hospital birth, mother’s region of birth, father’s region of birth, socioeconomic status, accessibility to services, and previous hospitalization for comorbid conditions.
‡Proportion of first-time hospitalizations for sequelae where previous exposure to the specified enteric infection was a component cause.
§ Pseudo R2. In our models, the R2 values were 0.05, 0.07, and 0.02 for the 3 sets of models (any, extragastrointestinal, and intragastrointestinal) respectively. In all models the proportional hazards assumption was tested and found not to be violated, and the overall model significance was Prob > χ2 <0.00005.