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Volume 17, Number 1—January 2011
Research

Endurance, Refuge, and Reemergence of Dengue Virus Type 2, Puerto Rico, 1986–2007

Kate L. McElroy1, Gilberto A. Santiago1, Niall J. Lennon, Bruce W. Birren, Matthew R. Henn1, and Jorge L. Muñoz-Jordán1Comments to Author 
Author affiliations: Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico (K.L. McElroy, G.A. Santiago, J.L. Muñoz-Jordán); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA (N.J. Lennon, B.W. Birren, M.R. Henn)

Main Article

Figure 4

Epidemiology of dengue virus (DENV) serotype 2 in Puerto Rico, 1997–2006. A) Municipalities with persistent DENV-2 transmission (Caguas, Juncos, Las Piedras, Carolina) versus those with discontinuous transmission (Morovis, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Cataño, Guaynabo, Cidra, San Lorenzo, Canóvanas, Humacao, Naguabo, Ceiba, Fajardo), 1998–2002. Inset shows satellite view; red dot indicates national capital (San Juan), and yellow box indicates region where DENV-2 took refuge during 2000–2002. B–D) Satelli

Figure 4. Epidemiology of dengue virus (DENV) serotype 2 in Puerto Rico, 1997–2006. A) Municipalities with persistent DENV-2 transmission (Caguas, Juncos, Las Piedras, Carolina) versus those with discontinuous transmission (Morovis, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Cataño, Guaynabo, Cidra, San Lorenzo, Canóvanas, Humacao, Naguabo, Ceiba, Fajardo), 1998–2002. Inset shows satellite view; red dot indicates national capital (San Juan), and yellow box indicates region where DENV-2 took refuge during 2000–2002. B–D) Satellite view depicts virus transmission corridors. White pins point to specific geographic locations where DENV-2 isolates were collected during the specified time period. Yellow lines connect isolates by their phylogenetic affiliations suggesting migration of virus. B) DENV-2 traveled to the San Juan region from the west during 1997–1999; C) DENV-2 transmission retracted to the eastern, refuge region with restricted dispersion patterns during 2000–2002; D) DENV-2 reemerged focused on the San Juan region and later dispersed throughout the island during 2003–2006.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

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