Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 17, Number 12—December 2011
Research

Lineage and Virulence of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Isolates from North America

Nahuel Fittipaldi, Jiangu Xu, Sonia Lacouture, Prasit Tharavichitkul, Makoto Osaki, Tsutomu Sekizaki, Daisuke Takamatsu, and Marcelo GottschalkComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada (N. Fittipaldi, S. Lacouture, M. Gottschalk); National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China (J. Xu); Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand (P. Tharavichitkul); Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Council, Tokyo, Japan (M. Osaki); The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (T. Sekizaki); National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Japan (D. Takamatsu)

Main Article

Table 3

Association of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 STs and srtF and srtG pilus clusters in isolates from North America*

ST No. strains srtF pilus cluster
 srtG pilus cluster
Gene†
 Pili expression‡, Sfp1 Gene†
 Pili expression, Sgp1‡
srtF sfp1 sfp2 sipF srtG sgp1 sgp2
1 11 11 11 11 11 11 3 3 3 0
25 36 36 36 36 36 0 36 36 36 36
28 49 49 49 49 49 46 49 49 49 47

*ST, sequence type.
†The presence of the genes was detected by PCR by using primers and conditions described by Takamatsu et al. (13).
‡Expression of pili encoded by the srtF and srtG pilus clusters was performed by Western blotting by using described antibodies directed against the major subunits of these structures (16,17).

Main Article

References
  1. Higgins  R, Gottschalk  M. Streptococcocal diseases. In: Straw BE, D’Allaire S, Mengeling WL, Taylor DJ, editors. Diseases of swine. Ames (IA): Blackwell Publishing; 2006. p. 769–83.
  2. Mai  NTH, Hoa  NT, Nga  TV, Linh  LD, Chau  TT, Sinh  DX, Streptococcus suis meningitis in adults in Vietnam. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46:659–67. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Suankratay  C, Intalapaporn  P, Nunthapisud  P, Arunyingmongkol  K, Wilde  H. Streptococcus suis meningitis in Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2004;35:868–76.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Yu  H, Jing  H, Chen  Z, Zheng  H, Zhu  X, Wang  H, Human Streptococcus suis outbreak, Sichuan, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:914–20.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Gottschalk  M, Segura  M, Xu  J. Streptococcus suis infections in humans: the Chinese experience and the situation in North America. Anim Health Res Rev. 2007;8:29–45. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Fittipaldi  N, Fuller  TE, Teel  JF, Wilson  TL, Wolfram  TJ, Lowery  DE, Serotype distribution and production of muramidase-released protein, extracellular factor and suilysin by field strains of Streptococcus suis isolated in the United States. Vet Microbiol. 2009;139:310–7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Messier  S, Lacouture  S, Gottschalk  M. Distribution of Streptococcus suis capsular types from 2001 to 2007. Can Vet J. 2008;49:461–2.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. King  SJ, Leigh  JA, Heath  PJ, Luque  I, Tarradas  C, Dowson  CG, Development of a multilocus sequence typing scheme for the pig pathogen Streptococcus suis: identification of virulent clones and potential capsular serotype exchange. J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40:3671–80. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Chang  B, Wada  A, Ikebe  T, Ohnishi  M, Mita  K, Endo  M, Characteristics of Streptococcus suis isolated from patients in Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2006;59:397–9.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Ye  C, Bai  X, Zhang  J, Jing  H, Zheng  H, Du  H, Spread of Streptococcus suis sequence type 7, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14:787–91. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Ye  C, Zhu  X, Jing  H, Du  H, Segura  M, Zheng  H, Streptococcus suis sequence type 7 outbreak, Sichuan, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:1203–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Takamatsu  D, Wongsawan  K, Osaki  M, Nishino  H, Ishiji  T, Tharavichitkul  P, Streptococcus suis in humans, Thailand. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14:181–3. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Takamatsu  D, Nishino  H, Ishiji  T, Ishii  J, Osaki  M, Fittipaldi  N, Genetic organization and preferential distribution of putative pilus gene clusters in Streptococcus suis. Vet Microbiol. 2009;138:132–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Feil  EJ, Li  BC, Aanensen  DM, Hanage  WP, Spratt  BG. eBURST: inferring patterns of evolutionary descent among clusters of related bacterial genotypes from multilocus sequence typing data. J Bacteriol. 2004;186:1518–30. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Vecht  U, Wisselink  HJ, van Dijk  JE, Smith  HE. Virulence of Streptococcus suis type 2 strains in newborn germfree pigs depends on phenotype. Infect Immun. 1992;60:550–6.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. Fittipaldi  N, Takamatsu  D, de la Cruz Domínguez-Punaro  M, Lecours  MP, Montpetit  D, Osaki  M, Mutations in the gene encoding the ancillary pilin subunit of the Streptococcus suis srtF cluster result in pili formed by the major subunit only. PLoS ONE. 2010;5:e8426. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  17. Okura  M, Osaki  M, Fittipaldi  N, Gottschalk  M, Sekizaki  T, Takamatsu  D. The minor pilin subunit Sgp2 is necessary for assembly of the pilus encoded by the srtG cluster of Streptococcus suis. J Bacteriol. 2011;193:822–31. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. Domínguez-Punaro  MC, Segura  M, Plante  MM, Lacouture  S, Rivest  S, Gottschalk  M. Streptococcus suis serotype 2, an important swine and human pathogen, induces strong systemic and cerebral inflammatory responses in a mouse model of infection. J Immunol. 2007;179:1842–54.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  19. Baums  CG, Valentin-Weigand  P. Surface-associated and secreted factors of Streptococcus suis in epidemiology, pathogenesis and vaccine development. Anim Health Res Rev. 2009;10:65–83. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  20. Silva  LM, Baums  CG, Rehm  T, Wisselink  HJ, Goethe  R, Valentin-Weigand  P. Virulence-associated gene profiling of Streptococcus suis isolates by PCR. Vet Microbiol. 2006;115:117–27. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. Kerdsin  A, Dejsirilert  S, Puangpatra  P, Sripakdee  S, Chumla  K, Boonkerd  N, Clinical and genotypic features of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 infections in humans, Thailand. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011;17:835–42.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  22. Blume  V, Luque  I, Vela  AI, Borge  C, Maldonado  A, Dominguez  L, Genetic and virulence-phenotype characterization of serotypes 2 and 9 of Streptococcus suis swine isolates. Int Microbiol. 2009;12:161–6.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  23. Princivalli  MS, Palmieri  C, Magi  G, Vignaroli  C, Manzin  A, Camporese  A, Genetic diversity of Streptococcus suis clinical isolates from pigs and humans in Italy (2003–2007). Euro Surveill. 2009;14:pii:19310.
  24. Lee  GT, Chiu  CY, Haller  BL, Denn  PM, Hall  CS, Gerberding  JL. Streptococcus suis meningitis, United States. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14:183–5. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  25. Holden  MT, Hauser  H, Sanders  M, Ngo  TH, Cherevach  I, Cronin  A, Rapid evolution of virulence and drug resistance in the emerging zoonotic pathogen Streptococcus suis. PLoS ONE. 2009;4:e6072. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  26. Hoa  NT, Chieu  TTB, Nga  TTT, Dung  NV, Campbell  J, Anh  PH, Slaughterhouse pigs are a major reservoir of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 capable of causing human infection in southern Vietnam. PLoS ONE. 2011;6:e17943. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  27. Willenburg  KS, Sentochnik  DE, Zadoks  RN. Human Streptococcus suis meningitis in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:1325. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  28. Smith  HE, Vecht  U, Wisselink  HJ, Stockhofe-Zurwieden  N, Biermann  Y, Smits  MA. Mutants of Streptococcus suis types 1 and 2 impaired in expression of muramidase-released protein and extracellular protein induce disease in newborn germfree pigs. Infect Immun. 1996;64:4409–12.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  29. Chen  C, Tang  J, Dong  W, Wang  C, Feng  Y, Wang  J, A glimpse of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome from comparative genomics of S. suis 2 Chinese isolates. PLoS ONE. 2007;2:e315. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  30. Ye  C, Zheng  H, Zhang  J, Jing  H, Wang  L, Xiong  Y, Clinical, experimental, and genomic differences between intermediately pathogenic, highly pathogenic, and epidemic Streptococcus suis. J Infect Dis. 2009;199:97–107. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

Page created: November 30, 2011
Page updated: November 30, 2011
Page reviewed: November 30, 2011
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external