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Volume 17, Number 6—June 2011
Dispatch

Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence and Chronic Infections in Patients with HIV, Switzerland

Alain Kenfak-Foguena1, Franziska Schöni-Affolter1, Philippe Bürgisser, Andrea Witteck, Katharine E.A. Darling, Helen Kovari, Laurent Kaiser, John-Marc Evison, Luigia Elzi, Vanina Gurtner De La Fuente, Josef Jost, Darius Moradpour, Florence Abravanel, Jacques Izopet2, Matthias Cavassini2Comments to Author , and the Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Author affiliations: Author affiliations: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland (A. Kenfak-Foguena, P. Bürgisser, K.E.A. Darling, D. Moradpour, M. Cavassini); Data Center of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Lausanne (F. Schöni-Affolter); Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (A. Witteck); University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (H. Kovari); University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (L. Kaiser); Inselspital Klinik und Poliklinik für Infektiologie, Bern, Switzerland (J.-M. Evison); Universitätsspital Klinik für Infektiologie, Basel, Switzerland (L. Elzi); Ospedale Civico Servizio Malattie Infettive, Lugano, Switzerland (V. Gurtner-De La Fuente); Klinik Im Park, Zurich (J. Jost); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France (F. Abravanel, J. Izopet)

Main Article

Table 1

Population characteristics in a study of prevalence and role of HEV infection among participants in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Switzerland, 2008*

Characteristic No. (%) all participants, N = 735 No. (%) HEV negative,
n = 716 No. (%) HEV positive, n = 19 p value
Sex 0.0587
M 618 (84.1) 605 (84.5) 13 (68.4)
F
 117 (15.9)
 111 (15.5)
 6 (31.6)
Ethnic group <0.0001
White 607 (82.6) 594 (83.0) 14 (73.7)
Black 70 (9.5) 69 (9.6) 1 (5.3)
Hispanic 26 (3.5) 25 (3.5) 1 (5.3)
Asian 29 (3.9) 26 (3.6) 3 (15.8)
Other
 3 (0.4)
 2 (0.28)
 1 (0.14)
Probable route of HIV infection NS
Heterosexual 291 (39.6) 283 (39.5) 8 (42.1)
MSM 411 (55.9) 400 (55.9) 11 (57.9)
IDU 4 (0.6) 4 (0.6) 0
Blood 5 (0.7) 5 (0.7) 0
Unknown/other
 24 (3.2)
 24 (3.4)
 0
Current or past IDU NS
Yes 14 (2.3) 14 (2.0) 0
No
 721 (99.7)
 702 (98.0)
 19 (100.0)
Prison history NS
Yes 45 (6.1) 44 (6.1) 1 (5.3)
No
 690 (93.9)
 672 (93.9)
 18 (94.7)
Alcohol consumption NS
Yes 261 (35.5) 256 (35.8) 5 (26.3)
No
 474 (64.5)
 460 (64.2)
 14 (73.7)
BMI group, kg/m2 NS
<25 408 (55.5) 398 (55.6) 10 (52.6)
25.1–30 231 (31.4) 225 (31.4) 6 (31.6)
>30
 96 (13.1)
 93 (12.9)
 3 (15.8)
ALT peak value, IU/L NS
<180 606 (82.4) 591 (82.5) 15 (78.95)
>180
 129 (17.6)
 125 (17.5)
 4 (21.05)
Lowest CD4 count, cells/mm3 0.0685
<100 276 (37.6) 273 (38.1) 3 (15.8)
100–350 288 (39.2) 276 (38.6) 12 (63.2)
>350
 171 (23.2)
 167 (23.3)
 4 (21.1)
HAART history NS
Yes 610 (83.0) 595 (75.4) 15 (78.9)
No
 125 (17.0)
 121(16.9)
 4 (21.6)
Cancer occurrence NS
Yes 25 (3.4) 24 (3.4) 1 (5.3)
No
 710 (96.6)
 692 (94.6)
 18 (94.7)
Outcome NS
Dead 29 (3.9) 28 (3.9) 1 (5.3)
Alive 652 (88.7) 638 (89.1) 14 (73.7)
Lost to follow-up 54 (7.4) 50 (7.0) 4 (21.1)

*HEV, hepatitis E virus; MSM, men who have sex with men; IDU, intravenous drug use; BMI, body mass index; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; NS, not significant.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

2These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: August 03, 2011
Page updated: August 03, 2011
Page reviewed: August 03, 2011
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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