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Volume 17, Number 8—August 2011
Dispatch

Pandemic (H1N1) 2009–associated Deaths Detected by Unexplained Death and Medical Examiner Surveillance

Christine H. LeesComments to Author , Catherine Avery, Ryan Asherin, Jean Rainbow, Richard Danila, Chad Smelser, Ann Schmitz, Stephen Ladd-Wilson, Kurt B. Nolte, Kayla Nagle, and Ruth Lynfield
Author affiliations: Author affiliations: Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA (C.H. Lees, J. Rainbow, R. Danila, K. Nagle, R. Lynfield); New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA (C. Avery, C. Smelser); Oregon Public Health Department, Portland, Oregon, USA (R. Asherin, S. Ladd-Wilson); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (A. Schmitz); University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA (K.B. Nolte)

Main Article

Table 1

Descriptive characteristics of pandemic (H1N1) 2009–associated deaths, by surveillance program, Minnesota, New Mexico, and Oregon, April–December 2009

Characteristic Hospital surveillance decedents, n = 160 UNEX/Med-X decedents, n = 34 p value†
State
Minnesota 50 (76) 16 (24)
New Mexico 42 (81) 10 (19)
Oregon
 68 (89)
 8 (11)
 0.09‡
Influenza type§
Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 82 (89) 25 (96)
Influenza A, not subtyped
 10 (11)
 1 (4)
 0.45‡
Age, y
Median 51.0 37.5 <0.001¶
Mean
 50.4
 33.4
 <0.001#
Male gender
 94 (59)
 17 (50)
 0.35
Race/ethnicity
White 123 (77) 18 (53)
Black 7 (4) 0 (0)
American Indian/Alaska Native 7 (4) 7 (21)
Asian/PacificIslander 2 (1) 2 (6)
Hispanic
 21 (13)
 7 (21)
 0.001‡
Autopsy performed
 27 (17)
 29 (85)
 <0.001
Place of death
Hospital/emergency department 146 (91) 15 (44)
Residence 12 (8) 18 (53)
Other 1 (1) 0 (0)
Unknown 1 (1) 1 (3) <0.001‡

*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. UNEX, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program Unexplained Deaths Program; Med-X, Medical Examiner Infectious Disease Death Surveillance Program.
†By χ2 or Fisher exact test.
‡By χ2 test among all categories.
§Data available from Minnesota and New Mexico only; n = 92 for hospital surveillance and n = 26 for UNEX/Med-X.
¶By Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test.
#By analysis of variance F-test.

Main Article

Page created: August 15, 2011
Page updated: August 15, 2011
Page reviewed: August 15, 2011
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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