Volume 18, Number 2—February 2012
Research
Diphtheria in the Postepidemic Period, Europe, 2000–2009
Karen S. Wagner
, Joanne M. White, Irina Lucenko, David Mercer, Natasha S. Crowcroft, Shona Neal, Androulla Efstratiou, on behalf of the Diphtheria Surveillance Network
, Joanne M. White, Irina Lucenko, David Mercer, Natasha S. Crowcroft, Shona Neal, Androulla Efstratiou, on behalf of the Diphtheria Surveillance Network
Table 1
Toxigenic Cornyebacterium diphtheriae isolates and epidemiologically linked cases and deaths reported by DIPNET member countries, Europe, 2000–2009*
| Characteristic | Patient description† | No. toxigenic isolates or clinical cases with epidemiologic link (no. deaths) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | ||
| Country | |||||||||||
| Estonia | Symptomatic | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Asymptomatic | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 3 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Finland | Total | 0 | 2 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| France | Total | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 (1) | 1 | 0 |
| Germany | Total | 1 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Latvia | Symptomatic | 145 | 0 | 45 | 26 | 20 | 20 | 32 | 18 | 29 | 6 |
| Asymptomatic | 61 | 24 | 15 | 22 | 2 | 2 | 11 | 5 | 12 | 3 | |
| Not known | 119 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 325 (9) | 115 (5) | 60 (3) | 48 (2) | 22 (1) | 22 (2) | 43 (6) | 23 (1) | 41 (2) | 9 (1) | |
| Lithuania | Symptomatic | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Asymptomatic | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
| Total | 2 | 0 | 5 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 (1) | 0 | |
| Norway | Symptomatic | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Asymptomatic | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | |
| Sweden | Total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Turkey | Symptomatic | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Asymptomatic | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Not known | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 4 (1) | 7 (3) | 2 (1) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| United Kingdom | Total | 1 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 (1) | 2 |
| Total known symptomatic patients | NA | 152 | 9 | 61 | 29 | 21 | 21 | 34 | 19 | 37 | 11 |
| Total (all countries) | NA | 336 (10) | 135 (9) | 78 (5) | 52 (2) | 23 (1) | 23 (2) | 45 (6) | 24 (2) | 52 (4) | 14 (1) |
| Total known symptomatic patients, excluding Latvia | NA | 7 | 9 | 16 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 5 |
| Total, excluding Latvia | NA | 11 (1) | 20 (4) | 18 (2) | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 (1) | 11 (2) | 5 |
*DIPNET, Diphtheria Surveillance Network; NA, not applicable. A total of 89 cases were clinically diagnosed without microbiological confirmation (76 in Latvia, 11 in Turkey, and 2 in Lithuania).
†If only total is displayed for a country, all patients were symptomatic.
1Additional members of the Diphtheria Surveillance Network who contributed data are listed in Technical Appendix 1.
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