Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link

Volume 18, Number 6—June 2012

Dispatch

Louping Ill in Goats, Spain, 2011

Ana BalseiroComments to Author , Luis J. Royo, Claudia Pérez Martínez, Isabel G. Fernández de Mera, Úrsula Höfle, Laura Polledo, Nelson Marreros, Rosa Casais, and Juan F. García Marín
Author affiliations: Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario, Gijón, Asturias, Spain (A. Balseiro, L.J. Royo, R. Casais); Universidad de León, León, Spain (C. Pérez Martínez, L. Polledo, J.F. García Marín); Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Ciudad Real, Spain (I.G. Fernández de Mera, Ú. Höfle, N. Marreros)

Main Article

Figure 2

Phylogenetic relationships of the Asturian strain louping ill virus with representative tick-born encephalitis viruses. Phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary analyses of the virus were conducted using MEGA version 5 (9). Scale bar indicates branch length, proportional to the number of nucleotide substitutions. The Three Arch Rock Island virus was included as an outgroup.

Figure 2. . . Phylogenetic relationships of the Asturian strain louping ill virus with representative tick-born encephalitis viruses. Phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary analyses of the virus were conducted using MEGA version 5 (9). Scale bar indicates branch length, proportional to the number of nucleotide substitutions. The Three Arch Rock Island virus was included as an outgroup.

Main Article

References
  1. Grard  G, Moureau  G, Charrel  RN, Lemasson  JJ, Gonzalez  JP, Gallian  P, Genetic characterization of tick-borne flaviviruses: new insights into evolution, pathogenetic determinants and taxonomy. Virology. 2007;361:80–92. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Dobler  G. Zoonotic tick-borne flaviviruses. Vet Microbiol. 2010;140:221–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Randolph  SE. Tick-borne encephalitis virus, ticks and humans: short-term and long-term dynamics. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2008;21:462–7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. González  L, Reid  HW, Pow  I, Gilmour  JS. A disease resembling louping-ill in sheep in the Basque region of Spain. Vet Rec. 1987;121:12–3. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Marín  MS, McKenzie  J, Gao  GF, Reid  HW, Antoniadis  A, Gould  EA. The virus causing encephalomyelitis in sheep in Spain: a new member of the tick-borne encephalitis group. Res Vet Sci. 1995;58:11–3. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Barandika  JF, Hurtado  A, Juste  RA, García-Pérez  AL. Seasonal dynamics of Ixodes ricinus in a 3-year period in northern Spain: first survey on the presence of tick-borne encephalitis virus. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2010;10:1027–35. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Herpe  B, Schuffenecker  I, Pillot  J, Malvy  D, Clouzeau  B, Bui  N, Tickborne encephalitis, southwestern France. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13:1114–6.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. Moureau  G, Temmam  S, Gonzalez  JP, Charrel  RN, Grard  G, De Lamballerie  XA. Real-time RT-PCR method for the universal detection and identification of flaviviruses. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2007;7:467–77. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Tamura  K, Peterson  D, Peterson  N, Stecher  G, Nei  M, Kumar  S. MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis using maximum-likelihood, evolutionary-distance, and maximum-parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol. 2011;28:2731–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Krueger  N, Reid  HW. Detection of louping ill virus in formalin-fixed, paraffin wax–embedded tissues of mice, sheep and a pig by the avidin-biotin-complex immunoperoxidase technique. Vet Rec. 1994;135:224–5. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Davidson  MM, Williams  H, Macleod  JA. Louping ill in man: a forgotten disease. J Infect. 1991;23:241–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Avšič-Županc  T, Poljak  M, Maticic  M, Radsel-Medvescek  A, LeDuc  J, Stiasny  K. Laboratory acquired tick-borne meningoencephalitis: characterization of virus strains. Clin Diagn Virol. 1995;4:51–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Reid  HW, Buxton  D, Pow  I, Finlayson  J. Transmission of louping-ill virus in goat milk. Vet Rec. 1984;114:163–5. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

Page created: May 10, 2012
Page updated: May 10, 2012
Page reviewed: May 10, 2012
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external