Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 18, Number 8—August 2012
Dispatch

Escherichia coli O104 Associated with Human Diarrhea, South Africa, 2004–2011

Nomsa P. TauComments to Author , Parastu Meidany, Anthony M. Smith, Arvinda Sooka, Karen H. Keddy, and for the Group for Enteric, Respiratory, and Meningeal Disease Surveillance in South Africa
Author affiliations: National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa (N.P. Tau, A.M. Smith, A. Sooka, K.H. Keddy); University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (P. Meidany, A.M. Smith, K.H. Keddy)

Main Article

Table 1

PCR primers used for amplification of Escherichia coli genes, South Africa

Gene target* Primer sequence, 5′ → 3′ Size of amplification product, bp Multiplex PCR in which primers are included Reference
stx1 CAGTTAATGTGGTGGCGAAGG 348 A (10)
CACCAGACAATGTAACCGCTG A (10)
stx2 ATCCTATTCCCGGGAGTTTACG 584 A (10)
GCGTCATCGTATACACAGGAGC A (10)
eae TCAATGCAGTTCCGTTATCAGTT 482 A (11)
GTAAAGTCCGTTACCCCAACCTG A (11)
est ATTTTTCTTTCTGTATTGTCTT 190 B (12)
CACCCGGTACAAGCAGGATT B (12)
elt GGCGACAGATTATACCGTGC 440 B (12)
CGGTCTCTATATTCCCTGTT B (12)
ipaH CTCGGCACGTTTTAATAGTCTGG 933 C (11)
GTGGAGAGCTGAAGTTTCTCTGC C (11)
aat CTGGCGAAAGACTGTATCAT 630 C (13)
CAATGTATAGAAATCCGCTGTT C (13)
daaC CAGGTCATCCGGTCAGTCGG 212 C This study
CAATGCCACGTACAACCGGC C This study

*stx, Shiga toxin; eae, intimin outer membrane protein; est, heat-stable enterotoxin; elt, heat-labile enterotoxin; ipaH, invasion protein; aat, transporter protein; daaC, accessory protein with a function in F1845 fimbriae production.

Main Article

References
  1. Nataro  JP, Kaper  JB. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998;11:142201.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Struelens  MJ, Palm  D, Takkinen  J. Enteroaggregative, Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak: new microbiological findings boost coordinated investigations by European public health laboratories. Euro Surveill. 2011;16:pii:19890. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. International health regulations. Outbreaks of E. coli O104:H4 infection: update 30, 2011 [cited 2012 Apr 10]. http://www.euro.who.int/en/what-we-do/health-topics/emergencies/international-health-regulations/news/news/2011/07/outbreaks-of-e.-coli-o104h4-infection-update-30
  4. Rubino  S, Cappuccinelli  P, Kelvin  DJ. Escherichia coli (STEC) serotype O104 outbreak causing haemolytic syndrome (HUS) in Germany and France. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2011;5:43740. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Mellmann  A, Bielaszewska  M, Kock  R, Friedrich  AW, Fruth  A, Middendorf  B, Analysis of collection of hemolytic uremic syndrome-associated enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14:128790. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Scheutz  F, Nielsen  EM, Frimodt-Moller  J, Boisen  N, Morabito  S, Tozzoli  R, Characteristics of the enteroaggregative Shiga toxin/verotoxin–producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 strain causing the outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in Germany, May to June 2011. Euro Surveill. 2011;16:pii:19889. PubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Orskov  I, Orskov  F, Jann  B, Jann  K. Serology, chemistry, and genetics of O and K antigens of Escherichia coli. Bacteriol Rev. 1977;41:667710.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. European Union Reference Laboratory for. E. coli, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety. Detection and identification of verocytotoxin–producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) O104:H4 in food by real time PCR, 2011 [cited 2012 Apr 10]. http://www.iss.it/binary/vtec/cont/Lab_Proc_VTEC_O104.pdf
  9. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically. Approved standard, 8th ed. M07–A8. Wayne (PA): The Institute; 2009.
  10. Cebula  TA, Payne  WL, Feng  P. Simultaneous identification of strains of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 and their Shiga-like toxin type by mismatch amplification mutation assay-multiplex PCR. J Clin Microbiol. 1995;33:24850.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Vidal  M, Kruger  E, Duran  C, Lagos  R, Levine  M, Prado  V, Single multiplex PCR assay to identify simultaneously the six categories of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli associated with enteric infections. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43:53625. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. López-Saucedo  C, Cerna  JF, Villegas-Sepulveda  N, Thompson  R, Velazquez  FR, Torres  J, Single multiplex polymerase chain reaction to detect diverse loci associated with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003;9:12731. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Schmidt  H, Knop  C, Franke  S, Aleksic  S, Heesemann  J, Karch  H. Development of PCR for screening of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli. J Clin Microbiol. 1995;33:7015.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Ribot  EM, Fair  MA, Gautom  R, Cameron  DN, Hunter  SB, Swaminathan  B, Standardization of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocols for the subtyping of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella, and Shigella for PulseNet. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2006;3:5967. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Law  D, Chart  H. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli. J Appl Microbiol. 1998;84:68597. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

Page created: July 23, 2012
Page updated: July 23, 2012
Page reviewed: July 23, 2012
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external