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Volume 19, Number 6—June 2013
Dispatch

Human Melioidosis, Malawi, 2011

Thembi Katangwe, Janet Purcell, Naor Bar-Zeev, Brigitte Denis, Jacqui Montgomery, Maaike Alaerts, Robert Simon Heyderman, David A.B. Dance, Neil Kennedy, Nicholas Feasey1, and Christopher Alan Moxon1Comments to Author 
Author affiliations: Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (T. Katangwe, N. Bar-Zeev, N. Kennedy, C.A. Moxon); University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre (J. Purcell, N. Bar-Zeev, B. Denis, J. Montgomery, M. Alaerts, R.S. Heyderman, N. Feasey, C.A. Moxon); Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK (R.S. Heyderman, J. Montgomery, C.A. Moxon); University of Liverpool, Liverpool (N. Bar-Zeev, N. Feasey, C.A.Moxon); Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (D.A.B. Dance); University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (D.A.B. Dance); Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK (N. Feasey)

Main Article

Table 2

Melioidosis in humans, Africa

Year (reference) Country where acquired
(diagnosed) Details of infected persons Clinical characteristics Diagnostic method (source of isolation) Definitive treatment (duration, wk) Outcome
1982 (10) Kenya (Denmark) Adult Sepsis Culture (blood, urine, sputum) OTC (4); cotrimoxazole TMP-SXT (8) Complete recovery
1985 (11) Sierra Leone (Gambia) Child Cutaneous abscesses, osteomyelitis Culture; indirect hemagglutination (pus) CHL, TET Improved; lost to follow up
2004 (12)
 Mauritius (Mauritius)
 Adult with SLE
 Sepsis, cellulitis
 Culture; API 2ONE (blood)
 None
 Died (d 9)
2004 (13) Madagascar (La Réunion) Adult smoker, alcoholic Sepsis, respiratory distress Culture (blood, BAL fluid) CAZ Complete recovery
Adult with CPI Septicemia Culture (blood, BAL fluid) CAZ; cotrimoxazole (20) Not described
Adult with SLE
 Septicemia
 Culture (blood, BAL fluid)
 CAZ; cotrimoxazole (20)
 Not described
2006 (14) Madagascar (La Réunion) Adult smoker Pneumonia Culture; API 20NE; PCR (BAL fluid); IPM (2); cotrimoxazole (20) Resolution at 3 mo
2010 (15) Africa† (France) Adult Mycotic aneurysm Culture (blood, arterial tissue) IPM + CIP (5); cotrimoxazole (20) Resolution at 6 mo
2011 (16) Gambia (Spain) Adult with diabetes mellitus Pyomyositis, pneumonia Culture; PCR (pus, sputum) CAZ + cotrimoxazole (5); DOX + cotrimoxazole (20) Complete recovery
2011 (17) Nigeria (UK) Adult with diabetes mellitus Localized lymphadenopathy Culture; chromatography; PCR (blood) Meropenem (1); cotrimoxazole (12) Lost to follow-up
2011 (18) Africa† (Spain) Adult Sepsis Culture (blood) CAZ + DOX Not described

*OTC, oxytetracycline; TMP-SXT, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole; CHL, chloramphenicol; TET, tetracycline; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; CAZ, ceftazidime; CPI, chronic pulmonary insufficiency; IPM, imipenem; CIP, ciprofloxacin; DOX, doxycycline; MER, meropenem.
†Exposure was in multiple countries on the continent or the specific country of acquisition was not detailed.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: May 20, 2013
Page updated: May 20, 2013
Page reviewed: May 20, 2013
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