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Volume 2, Number 1—January 1996
Dispatch

Unexplained Deaths Due to Possibly Infectious Causes in the United States: Defining the Problem and Designing Surveillance and Laboratory Approaches

Bradley A. Perkins*, Jennifer M. Flood†, Richard Danila‡, Robert C. Holman*, Arthur L. Reingold†, Laura A. Klug*, Michael Virata§, Paul R. Cieslak¶, Sherif R. Zaki*, Robert W. Pinner*, Rima F. Khabbaz*, and the Unexplained Deaths Working Group1
Author affiliations: *National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA, Atlanta, Georgia; †School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, California, USA; ‡ Minnesota Department of Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; §Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA ¶Oregon Department of Human Resources, Portland, Oregon, USA

Main Article

Table 1

Selected codes from Intemational Classification of Diseases, 9th revision (ICD-9) used to identify unexplained deaths due to possibly infectious causes (UDPIC)

007.9
unspecified protozoal intestinal disease
420.9
other and unspecified acute pericarditis
785.6
enlargement of lymph nodes
008.5
bacterial enteritis, unspecified
421.0
acute and subacute bacterial endocarditis
786.0
dyspnea and respiratory abnormalities
008.8
intestinal infectious due to other organisms: other organism, not classified elsewhere
421.9
acute endocarditis, unspecified
792
nonspecific abnormal findings in other body substances
009.0
infectious colitis, enteritis, and gastroenteritis
422.9
other and unspecified myocarditis
792.0
cerebrospinal fluid
009.1
colitis, enteritis, and gastroenteritis of presumed infectious origin
424.9
endocarditis, valve unspecified
792.1
stool contents
009.2
infectious diarrhea
425.4
other primary cardiomyopathies
792.2
semen
009.3
diarrhea of presumed infectious origin
425.9
secondary cardiomyopathy, unspecified
792.3
amniotic fluid
027.9
unspecified zoonotic bacterial disease
446.6
thrombotic microangiopathy
792.4
saliva
038.9
unspecified septicemia
465.0
acute laryngopharyngitis
792.9
other nonspecific abnormal findings in body substances
041.9
bacterial infection in conditions classified elsewhere and of unspecified site: bacterial infection, unspecified
465.8
acute upper respiratory infections of multiple or unspecified sites: other multiple sites
795
nonspecific abnormal histologic and immunologic findings
046.9
unspecified slow virus infection of the central nervous system
465.9
acute upper respiratory infections of multiple or unspecified sites: unspecified site
795.3
nonspecific positive culture findings
047.9
unspecified viral meningitis
466.0
acute bronchitis
795.4
other nonspecific abnormal histologic findings
049.9
unspecified non-arthropodborne viral diseases of central nervous system
466.1
acute bronchiolitis
795.7
other nonspecific immunologic findings
057.9
viral exanthem, unspecified
480.9
viral pneumoma, unspecified
796.4
other nonspecific abnormal findings: other abnormal clinical findings
079.9
viral infection in conditions classified elsewhere and of unspecified site: unspecified viral and chlamydial infection
482.9
bacterial pneumonia, unspecified
798
sudden death, cause unknown
099.0
venereal disease, unspecified
485
bronchopneumonia, organism unspecified
798.1
instantaneous death
136.9
other and unspecified infectious and parasitic diseases: unspecified infectious and parasitic diseases
486
pneumonia, organism unspecified
798.2
death occurring in less than 24 hours from the onset of symptoms, not otherwise explained
283.1
non-autoimmune hemolytic anemias
511.9
unspecified pleural effusion
798.9
unattended death
284.8
other specified aplastic anemias
518.4
acute edema of lung, unspecified
799
other ill-defined and unknown causes of morbidity and mortality
286.6
defibrination syndrome
518.8
other diseases of lung
799.0
asphyxia
287.3
primary thrombocytopenia
519.9
unspecified disease of respiratory system
799.1
respiratory failure
287.5
thrombocytopenia, unspecified
558
other and unspecified noninfectious gastroenteritis and colitis
799.3
debility, unspecified
320.9
meningitis due to unspecified bacterium
780.6
pyrexia of unknown origin
799.4
cachexia
322.9
meningitis, unspecified
782.1
rash and other nonspecific skin eruption
799.8
other ill-defined conditions
323.9
unspecified cause of encephalitis
782.7
spontaneous ecchymoses
799.9
other unknown and unspecified cause
357.0 acute infective polyneuritis 785.5 shock without mention of trauma

Main Article

1The Unexplained Deaths Working Group: Grechen Rothrock, University of California at Berkeley; Duc Vugia, California Department of Health Services; James Hadler, Matt Cartter, Connecticut Department of Public Health and Addiction Services; James Meek, Robin Ryder, Mark Wilson, Yale University School of Medicine; Michael Osterholm, Kristine L. MacDonald, Jean Rainbow, Norman Crouch, Kathy LeDell, Minnesota Department of Health; David Fleming, Katrina Hedberg, Oregon Health Division; Don Brenner, Mark Eberhard, James Olson, Pierre Rollin, R. Gibson Parrish, CDC.

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The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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