Volume 22, Number 12—December 2016
Letter
Schmallenberg Virus in Zoo Ruminants, France and the Netherlands
Eve Laloy
, Cindy Braud, Emmanuel Bréard, Jacques Kaandorp, Aude Bourgeois, Muriel Kohl, Gilles Meyer, Corinne Sailleau, Cyril Viarouge, Stéphan Zientara, and Norin Chai
, Cindy Braud, Emmanuel Bréard, Jacques Kaandorp, Aude Bourgeois, Muriel Kohl, Gilles Meyer, Corinne Sailleau, Cyril Viarouge, Stéphan Zientara, and Norin Chai
Table
Results of virus neutralization testing for Schmallenberg virus among exotic and wild ruminants from 2 zoological parks in France and the Netherlands, 2011–2015*
| Common name (species) | No. positive/no. tested | Year(s) of sampling | Animal ages at sampling |
Zoological park | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seropositive | Seronegative | ||||
| African buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer) | 1/1 | 2013 | 3 y | SPBB | |
| Arkal urial sheep (Ovis aries arkal) | 1/1 | 2014 | 5 y | MJP | |
| Axis deer (Cervus axis) | 0/2 | 2011–2014 | ND, ND | SPBB | |
| Bharal (Pseudois nayaur) | 2/4 | 2013, 2014 | 1 d, 7 y,† 8 y† | 10 d, 2 y | MJP |
| Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) | 0/6 | 2014 | 7 mo, 7 y, 15 y, ND, ND, ND | SPBB | |
| Blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus taurinus) | 3/5 | 2011 | 1 y, 6 y, 13 y | 1 y, 13 y | SPBB |
| Common eland (Taurotragus oryx) | 0/1 | 2014 | 1 y | SPBB | |
| Gaur (Bos gaurus) | 1/1 | 2015 | 3 y | MJP | |
| Gemsbok (Oryx gazella gazella) | 1/1 | 2011 | 17 y | SPBB | |
| Markhor (Capra falconeri) | 2/3 | 2014 | 1 y, 10 y | 1 y | MJP |
| Nyala (Tragelaphus angasii) | 1/2 | 2012 | 5 y | ND | SPBB |
| Père David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus) | 1/1 | 2011 | 15 y | SPBB | |
| Persian fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica) | 1/1 | 2013 | 8 y | SPBB | |
| Pygmy goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) | 0/1 | 2014 | 2 y | MJP | |
| Red forest duiker (Cephalophus natalensis) | 0/1 | 2011, 2012 | 7 y,† 8 y† | SPBB | |
| Rocky mountain goat (Oreamnus americanus) | 1/1 | 2014 | 17 y | MJP | |
| Sable antelope (Hippotragus niger niger) | 3/3 | 2011, 2012, 2013 | 4 y, 5 y,† 6 y,† 7 y,† 10 y | SPBB | |
| Springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis) | 3/5 | 2011, 2014 | 5 y, 14 y, ND | 4 y, 5 y | SPBB |
| Vietnamese sika deer (Cervus nippon pseudaxis) | 1/1 | 2014 | 12 y | SPBB | |
| Vigogna (Vicugna vicugna) | 1/1 | 2013 | 4 y | MJP | |
| Waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus ellipsiprymnus) | 1/4 | 2011, 2014 | 7 y | 6 mo, 4 y, ND | SPBB |
| Watusi (Bos taurus taurus watusi) | 0/1 | 2011 | 1 y | SPBB | |
| West Caucasian tur (Capra caucasica caucasica) | 2/2 | 2014 | 10 y, 14 y | MJP | |
| Yak (Bos grunniens grunniens) | 4/5 | 2012, 2013, 2014 | 2 y, 3 y, 11 y, ND | 1 y | SPBB (4), MJP (1) |
*MJP, Ménagerie du Jardin des Plantes (Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France); ND, not determined; SPBB, Safaripark Beekse Bergen (Hilvarenbeek, the Netherlands).
† Animals sampled more than once.
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