Volume 23, Number 1—January 2017
Research
Sequelae and Other Conditions in Ebola Virus Disease Survivors, Sierra Leone, 2015
, Alren O. Vandy, Rebecca Stretch, David Otieno, Mukesh Prajapati, Mauricio Calderon, and Mohamed Vandi
Table
Characteristics reported at 621 attendances by 115 survivors of laboratory-confirmed Ebola virus disease attending the Survivor Clinic at Kenema Government Hospital, Sierra Leone, 2014—2015*
| Characteristic | Overall† | Fever‡ |
p value§ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||
| Sex | ||||
| M | 187 (30.7) [27.1–34.4] | 123 (30.2) | 64 (25.1) | 0.309 |
| F |
423 (69.3) [65.6–72.9] |
284 (69.8) |
191 (74.9) |
Ref |
| Duration since discharge, d | ||||
| 4–144 | 131 (21.1) [18.1–24.5] | 61 (14.8) | 107 (42.1) | <0.001 |
| 145–254 | 134 (21.6) [18.5–25.0] | 96 (23.4) | 69 (27.2) | <0.001 |
| 255–358 | 221 (35.6) [31.9–39.5] | 125 (30.4) | 41 (16.1) | 0.321 |
| 359–504 |
134 (21.6) [18.5–25.0] |
129 (31.4) |
37 (14.6) |
Ref |
| Age, y | ||||
| <18 | 153 (25.0) [21.7–28.5] | 109 (26.4) | 39 (15.1) | Ref |
| 18–28 | 148 (24.1) [20.9–27.7] | 86 (20.8) | 52 (20.1) | 0.178 |
| 29–35 | 153 (25.0) [21.7–28.5] | 142 (34.4) | 110 (42.5) | 0.025 |
| 36–70 | 159 (25.9) [22.6–29.6] | 76 (18.4) | 58 (22.4) | 0.010 |
| Median (range) |
30.0 (0.25–70.00) |
30.0 (0.25–70.00) |
33.0 (3–70.00) |
0.001 |
| Signs and symptoms¶ | ||||
| Joint pain | 187 (30.1) [26.6–33.8] | 113 (29.5) | 74 (31.1) | 0.627 |
| Myalgia | 269 (43.3) [39.5–47.3] | 165 (43.1) | 104 (43.7) | 0.874 |
| Cough | 201 (32.4) [28.8–36.2] | 171 (44.7) | 30 (12.6) | <0.001 |
| Weakness | 37 (6.0) [4.3–8.1] | 27 (7.1) | 10 (4.2) | 0.097 |
| Dizziness | 89 (14.3) [11.8–17.3] | 55 (14.4) | 34 (14.3) | 0.915 |
| Rash | 32 (5.2) [3.7–7.2] | 20 (5.2) | 12 (5.0) | 0.903 |
| Itching | 49 (7.9) [6.0–10.3] | 24 (6.3) | 25 (10.5) | 0.028 |
| Blurred vision | 19 (3.1) [2.0–4.8] | 8 (2.1) | 11 (4.6) | 0.034 |
| Vision loss | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| Eye discharge | 12 (1.9) [1.1–3.4] | 5 (1.3) | 7 (2.9) | 0.097 |
| Poor vision | 15 (2.4) [1.5–4.0] | 6 (1.6) | 9 (3.8) | 0.043 |
| Eye pain | 10 (1.6) [0.9–3.0] | 7 (1.8) | 3 (1.3) | 0.837 |
| Eye itch | 13 (2.1) [1.2–3.6] | 6 (1.6) | 7 (2.9) | 0.113 |
| Eye irritation | 9 (1.4) [0.8–2.8] | 8 (2.1) | 1 (0.4) | 0.119 |
| Eye problems | 51 (8.2) [6.3–10.7] | 29 (7.6) | 22 (9.2) | 0.205 |
| Headache | 392 (63.1) [59.2–66.8] | 272 (71.0) | 120 (50.4) | <0.001 |
| Diarrhea | 17 (2.7) [1.7–4.4] | 14 (3.7) | 3 (1.3) | 0.116 |
| Vomiting | 53 (8.5) [6.6–11.0] | 44 (11.5) | 9 (3.8) | 0.010 |
| Insomnia | 89 (14.3) [11.8–17.3] | 50 (13.1) | 39 (16.4) | 0.370 |
| Chest burn | 35 (5.6) [4.1–7.8] | 20 (5.2) | 15 (6.3) | 0.562 |
| Chest pain | 31 (5.0) [3.5–7.0] | 13 (3.4) | 18 (7.6) | 0.044 |
| Abdominal pain | 157 (25.3) [22.0–28.9] | 102 (26.6) | 55 (23.1) | 0.620 |
| Appetite loss | 149 (24.0) [20.8–27.5] | 104 (27.2) | 45 (18.9) | 0.028 |
| Depression | 6 (1.0) [0.4–2.1] | 3 (0.8) | 3 (1.3) | 0.759 |
| Anxiety | 20 (3.2) [2.1–4.9] | 7 (1.8) | 13 (5.5) | 0.014 |
| Mental disorder | 2 (0.3) [0.1–1.3] | 2 (0.5) | 0 | NA |
| Palpitation | 42 (6.8) [5.0–9.0] | 23 (6.0) | 19 (8.0) | 0.223 |
| Jaundice | 1 (0.2) [0.0–1.1] | 1 (0.3) | 0 | NA |
| Hiccups | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| Deafness | 4 (0.6) [0.2–1.7] | 1 (0.3) | 3 (1.3) | 0.218 |
| Hearing loss | 3 (0.5) [0.2–1.5] | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.8) | 0.350 |
| Amenorrhea | 31 (7.3) [5.2–10.2] | 16 (6.3) | 15 (8.8) | 0.222 |
| Erectile dysfunction | 6 (3.2) [1.4–7.0] | 1 (0.8) | 5 (7.8) | 0.047 |
*Within each cross-tabulation, because of missing data, the sum of the component cells may be less than the total number of attendances. Where a zero cell was reported in the cross-tabulation with fever, no p value is reported. NA, not applicable; Ref, reference category.
†All values are no. (%) [95% CI] unless indicated otherwise indicated.
‡All values are no. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
§p values are from univariate generalized estimating equations logistic regression analysis.
¶ Amenorrhea was recorded only for women (age range 15–40 years) and erectile dysfunction only for men (age range 24–35 years). Chest burn is a local term for heartburn.