Volume 23, Number 3—March 2017
Research Letter
Association of Diabetes and Tuberculosis Disease among US-Bound Adult Refugees, 2009–2014
Stephen R. Benoit
, Edward W. Gregg, Sasi Jonnalagadda, Christina R. Phares, Weigong Zhou, and John A. Painter
, Edward W. Gregg, Sasi Jonnalagadda, Christina R. Phares, Weigong Zhou, and John A. Painter
Table
Characteristics of US-bound adult refugees and association of diabetes with TB disease, Electronic Disease Notification System, January 2009–August 2014*
| Characteristic | Total no. (%), N = 248,850 | TB, no. (%), n = 2,262 | Odds ratio (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||
| Diabetes |
5,767 (2.3) |
56 (2.5) |
1.1 (0.8–1.4) |
1.7 (1.3–2.2) |
| Region | ||||
| Africa | 40,731 (16.4) | 422 (18.7) | Reference | Reference |
| East Asia and the Pacific | 58,701 (23.6) | 971 (42.9) | 1.6 (1.4–1.8) | 1.7 (1.5–1.9) |
| Europe and Eurasia | 3,867 (1.6) | 22 (1.0) | 0.5 (0.4–0.8) | 0.6 (0.4–1.0) |
| Near East | 76,752 (30.8) | 44 (2.0) | 0.1 (<0.1–0.1) | 0.1 (0.1–0.1) |
| South and Central Asia | 52,677 (21.2) | 802 (35.5) | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) |
| Western Hemisphere |
16,122 (6.5) |
1 (<0.1) |
<0.1 (<0.1–<0.1) |
<0.1 (<0.1–<0.1) |
| Female sex |
115,297 (46.3) |
747 (33.0) |
0.6 (0.5–0.6) |
0.6 (0.5–0.6) |
| Age group, y | ||||
| 18–44 | 190,141 (76.4) | 1,391 (61.5) | Reference | Reference |
| 45–64 | 45,711 (18.4) | 600 (26.5) | 1.8 (1.6–2.0) | 2.6 (2.3–2.8) |
| 65–74 | 9,397 (3.8) | 175 (7.7) | 2.6 (2.2–3.0) | 3.6 (3.0–4.3) |
| >75 |
3,601 (1.5) |
96 (4.2) |
3.7 (3.0–4.6) |
5.0 (4.0–6.3) |
| BMI category† | ||||
| Underweight | 20,300 (8.6) | 390 (18.3) | 1.7 (1.5–1.9) | 1.6 (1.4–1.8) |
| Normal | 127,033 (53.7) | 1,465 (68.8) | Reference | Reference |
| Overweight | 58,299 (24.7) | 233 (10.9) | 0.3 (0.3–0.4) | 0.5 (0.5–0.6) |
| Obese |
30,731 (13.0) |
43 (2.0) |
0.1 (0.1–0.2) |
0.4 (0.3–0.5) |
| Lived in refugee camp‡ | 88,490 (36.0) | 1,448 (64.6) | 3.3 (3.0–3.6) | 1.2 (1.0–1.3) |
*Adults were those >18 years of age. BMI, body mass index; TB, tuberculosis.
†Proportions based on nonmissing data; 5.0% missing data.
‡Proportions based on nonmissing data; 1.2% missing data.
Page created: February 17, 2017
Page updated: February 17, 2017
Page reviewed: February 17, 2017
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