Volume 23, Number 3—March 2017
Dispatch
Molecular Evidence of Drug Resistance in Asymptomatic Malaria Infections, Myanmar, 2015
Myat Htut Nyunt, Thinzar Shein, Ni Ni Zaw, Soe Soe Han, Fauzi Muh, Seong-Kyun Lee, Jin-Hee Han, Kyaw Zin Thant, Eun-Taek Han1
, and Myat Phone Kyaw1
, and Myat Phone Kyaw1
Table
Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax drug-resistance molecular markers in asymptomatic infections, Myanmar, 2015
| Target | Description* | No. isolates/total (%) |
|---|---|---|
| kelch 13 (K13) |
Wild | 2/4 (50.0) |
| C580Y | 1/4 (25.0) | |
| P574L |
1/4 (25.0) |
|
| P. falciparum apicoplast ribosomal protein S10 (pfarps10) |
Wild | 2/4 (50.0) |
| V127M |
2/4 (50.0) |
|
| P. falciparum ferredoxin (pffd) |
Wild | 1/4 (25.0) |
| D193Y |
3/4 (75.0) |
|
| P. falciparum multidrug-resistance protein 2 (pfmdr2) |
Wild | 0/4 (0.0) |
| T484I |
4/4 (100.0) |
|
| P. vivax chloroquine-resistance transporter (pvcrt-o) |
Wild | 7/21 (33.3) |
| Mutant (AAG insert) |
14/21 (66.7) |
|
| P. vivax multidrug-resistance protein 1 (pvmdr1) |
Wild (T, Y, F) (958, 976, 1076) | 0/21 (0.0) |
| Double mutant (M,Y, L) | 4/21 (19.0) | |
| Single mutant (M, Y, F) | 12/21 (57.1) | |
| Triple mutant (M, F, L) |
5/21 (23.8) |
|
| P. vivax dihydropteroate synthase (pvdhps) |
Wild (S, A, K, A) (382, 383, 512, 553) | 0/20 (0.0) |
| Single mutant (S, G, K, A) | 4/20 (20.0) | |
| Double mutant (S, G, K, G) | 9/20 (45.0) | |
| Triple mutant (A, G, K, G) | 5/20 (25.0) | |
| Quadruple mutant (A, G, M, G) |
2/20 (10.0) |
|
| P. vivax dihydrofolate reductase (pvdhfr) | Wild (F, S, T, S) (57, 58, 61, 117) | 0/21 (0.0) |
| Single mutant (L, S, T, S) | 1/21 (4.8) | |
| Double mutant (F, R, T, N) | 2/21 (9.5) | |
| Quadruple mutant (L/I, R, M, T) | 18/21 (85.7) |
*Numbers in parentheses indicate the amino acid position. Mutant amino acids are shown in bold. All sequences were aligned with 3D7 (P. falciparum) and Sal-1 (P. vivax) reference sequences from http://www.plasmodb.org.
1These authors contributed equally to this article.
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