Volume 24, Number 12—December 2018
CME ACTIVITY - Research
Substance Use and Adherence to HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis for Men Who Have Sex with Men1
, Sonia Jain, David Moore, Deborah Collins, Xiaoying Sun, Peter L. Anderson, Katya Corado, Jill S. Blumenthal, Eric S. Daar, Joel Milam, Michael P. Dubé, Sheldon Morris, and for the California Collaborative Treatment Group 595 Team
Table 2
Associations of DAST10 and AUDIT results at baseline and ongoing substance/alcohol use with primary and secondary DBS adherence endpoints for MSM and transgender women, California, USA*
| Characteristic |
Primary endpoint |
p value |
Secondary endpoint |
p value |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No |
Yes |
No |
Yes |
|||
| Substance use baseline, n = 394 | ||||||
| DAST10 problems | 0.80 | 0.55 | ||||
| No/low | 70 (28) | 179 (72) | 173 (69) | 76 (31) | ||
| Moderate | 37 (31) | 83 (69) | 86 (72) | 34 (28) | ||
| Substantial/severe | 8 (32) | 17 (68) | 20 (80) | 5 (20) | ||
| AUDIT score | 0.09 | 0.84 | ||||
| <8 | 81 (29) | 201 (71) | 197 (70) | 85 (30) | ||
| 8–15 | 25 (26) | 70 (74) | 69 (73) | 26 (27) | ||
| >15 | 9 (53) | 8 (47) | 13 (76) | 4 (24) | ||
| Ongoing substance use, n = 394 | ||||||
| Methamphetamine | 0.82 | 0.32 | ||||
| No | 97 (29) | 238 (71) | 240 (72) | 95 (28) | ||
| Some | 10 (28) | 26 (72) | 26 (72) | 10 (28) | ||
| Frequent | 8 (35) | 15 (65) | 13 (57) | 10 (43) | ||
| Heroin | 0.79 | >0.99 | ||||
| No | 113 (29) | 275 (71) | 274 (71) | 114 (29) | ||
| Some | 1 (25) | 3 (75) | 3 (75) | 1 (25) | ||
| Frequent | 1 (50) | 1 (50) | 2 (100) | 0 | ||
| Poppers | 0.54 | 0.66 | ||||
| No | 62 (31) | 139 (69) | 146 (73) | 55 (27) | ||
| Some | 32 (30) | 75 (70) | 75 (70) | 32 (30) | ||
| Frequent | 21 (24) | 65 (76) | 58 (67) | 28 (33) | ||
| Cocaine | 0.48 | 0.33 | ||||
| No | 97 (29) | 241 (71) | 236 (70) | 102 (30) | ||
| Some | 13 (29) | 32 (71) | 33 (73) | 12 (27) | ||
| Frequent | 5 (45) | 6 (55) | 10 (91) | 1 (9) | ||
| Stimulant substances† | 0.37 | 0.75 | ||||
| No | 42 (30) | 100 (70) | 98 (69) | 44 (31) | ||
| Some | 43 (33) | 88 (67) | 96 (73) | 35 (27) | ||
| Frequent | 30 (25) | 91 (75) | 85 (71) | 36 (29) | ||
| Nonstimulant substances‡ | 0.96 | 0.32 | ||||
| No | 67 (30) | 158 (70) | 166 (74) | 59 (26) | ||
| Some | 31 (28) | 79 (72) | 74 (67) | 36 (33) | ||
| Frequent | 17 (29) | 42 (71) | 39 (66) | 20 (34) | ||
| Any substance‡ | 0.34 | >0.99 | ||||
| No | 31 (30) | 71 (70) | 72 (71) | 30 (29) | ||
| Some | 47 (33) | 97 (67) | 102 (71) | 42 (29) | ||
| Frequent | 37 (25) | 111 (75) | 105 (71) | 43 (29) | ||
| Alcohol | 0.27 | 0.88 | ||||
| No | 23 (38) | 38 (62) | 42 (69) | 19 (31) | ||
| Some | 32 (29) | 79 (71) | 78 (70) | 33 (30) | ||
| Frequent | 60 (27) | 162 (73) | 159 (72) | 63 (28) | ||
*Values are no. (%). Primary endpoint value was TFV-DP >719 fmol/punch; secondary endpoint value was TFV-DP >1,246 fmol/punch. For baseline use data for specific substances and substance classes not shown, all p values were >0.2. AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; DAST, Drug Abuse Screening Test; DBS, dried blood spot; MSM, men who have sex with men; TSF-DV, tenofovir diphosphate.
†Includes poppers, methamphetamine, cocaine, ecstasy, amphetamine, and other stimulants.
‡Marijuana and alcohol excluded.
1Original data from this study were presented in part at the 2017 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, February 13–16, 2017, Seattle, Washington, USA; and at the 12th International Conference on HIV Treatment and Prevention Adherence, June 4–6, 2017, Miami, Florida, USA.