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Volume 25, Number 10—October 2019
Research

Economic Burden of West Nile Virus Disease, Quebec, Canada, 2012–2013

Najwa Ouhoummane, Eric Tchouaket, Anne-Marie Lowe, Ann Fortin, Dahlia Kairy, Anne Vibien, Jessica Kovitz-Lensch, Terry-Nan Tannenbaum1, and François MilordComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Institut National de Santé Publique du Quebec, Quebec City, Canada (N. Ouhoummane, A. Fortin, F. Milord); Université du Quebec en Outaouais, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada (E. Tchouaket); Public Health Agency of Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (A.-M. Lowe); Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (D. Kairy); Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Réadaptation du Montreal Métropolitain, Montreal (D. Kairy); Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Montérégie Est-Hôpital Honoré Mercier, St.-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada (A. Vibien, J. Kovitz-Lensch); Institut National de Santé Publique de Montreal, Montreal (T.-N. Tannenbaum); Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (F. Milord)

Main Article

Table 5

Economic costs for 90 patients with WNV diseases by clinical syndrome, Quebec, Canada, 2012–2013*

Cost WNF, n = 24 WNM, n = 18 WNE, n = 48†
Direct
Mean (SD) 1,113 (2,048) 5,794 (7,625) 26,085 (28,363)
Median (IQR) 151 (20–685) 2,699 (2,483–7 703) 15,963 (7,881–28,065)
Total
 27,271
 106,167
 1,257,249
Hospital
Mean (SD) 892 (1,930) 4,221 (3,682) 19,259 (17,488)
Median (IQR) 0 (0–0) 2,333 (2,295–5,604) 15,839 (7,603–27,931)
Total
 21,401
 75,977
 924,447
Emergency department visits
Mean (SD) 55 (110) 110 (110) 110 (110)
Median (IQR) 55 (0–110) 110 (110–110) 110 (110–110)
Total
 1,319
 1,978
 5,275
Inpatient rehabilitation
Mean (SD) 0 1,019 (4,323) 6,004 (18,120)
Median (IQR) 0 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0)
Total
 0
 18,340
 288,209
Outpatient readaptation‡
Mean (SD) 74 (323) 289 (1,052) 480 (1,320)
Median (IQR) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0) 0 (0–0)
Total
 1,780
 5,194
 23,068
Physician visits§
Mean (SD) 74 (106) 180 (185) 89 (124)
Median (IQR) 41 (0–93) 126 (0–277) 60 (0–136)
Total
 1,781
 3,242
 4,279
Additional costs¶
Mean (SD) 41 (104) 80 (66) 250 (673)
Median (IQR) 0 (0–0) 100 (0–100) 100 (0–100)
Total
 990
 1,435
 11,971
Indirect costs (absence from work)#
Mean (SD) 896 (2,198) 5,169 (6,116) 3,454 (9,101)
Median (IQR) 0 (0–556) 2,550 (650–9,000) 0 (0–3,374)
Total
 21,506
 93,042
 165,772
Total costs
Mean (SD) 2,009 (2,904) 10,963 (9,072) 29,539 (31,067)
Median (IQR)
 192 (20–5,359)
 8,124 (4,025–13,631)
 21,332 (12,131–28,101)
Total 48,777 199,209 1,423,021

*Costs are in Canadian dollars. Total costs are the sum of all category costs. Mean and median costs are expressed as per-patient cost for all participants (including patients with 0 costs). Total is the costs sum for all participants. IQR, interquartile range; WNE, West Nile encephalitis; WNF, West Nile fever; WNM, West Nile meningitis; WNV, West Nile virus.
†Includes WNE encephalitis (n = 28), meningoencephalitis (n = 18), and acute flaccid paralysis (n = 2).
‡Includes physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, and home care costs.
§Includes primary care physician and neurologist consultations costs.
¶Includes medical equipment purchase, recruitment for household chores costs, and other personal expenses.
#Includes participants’ and families’ missed work costs.

Main Article

1Deceased.

Page created: September 17, 2019
Page updated: September 17, 2019
Page reviewed: September 17, 2019
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