Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Density during Asymptomatic Respiratory Virus Infection and Risk for Subsequent Acute Respiratory Illness
Leigh M. Howard, Yuwei Zhu, Marie R. Griffin, Kathryn M. Edwards, John V. Williams, Ana I. Gil, Jorge E. Vidal, Keith P. Klugman, Claudio F. Lanata, and Carlos G. Grijalva
Author affiliations: Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA (L.M. Howard, Y. Zhu, M.R. Griffin, K.M. Edwards, C.F. Lanata, C.G. Grijalva); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA (J.V. Williams); Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru (A.I. Gil, C.F. Lanata); Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.E. Vidal, K.P. Klugman)
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Figure 2
Figure 2. Violin plots of predicted log10-transformed pneumococcal colonization densities by detection of specific viruses among children <3 years of age, Respiratory Infections in Andean Peruvian Children study, May 2009–September 2011. Predicted densities were estimated from the final multivariable linear quantile mixed effects model. Circles indicate median densities, boxes represent interquartile range, lines extend through the upper and lower adjacent values, and the density plot width indicates the predicted frequency of observations. *p<0.05; ***p<0.001. AdV, adenovirus; HRV, rhinovirus.
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