Volume 25, Number 8—August 2019
Research Letter
Intrafamily Transmission of Monkeypox Virus, Central African Republic, 2018
Table
Molecular and serologic evidence of index case and contacts with known and possible exposure to monkeypox virus, Central African Republic, 2018*
| Patients | Age, y/sex | Symptom onset date | Signs/ symptoms | Animal contact | Collection date | Sample type |
PCR‡ |
IgG§ |
Smallpox vaccine¶ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood | Pus† | MPXV | CPXV | MPXV | CPXV | |||||||||
| Index case-patient |
25/F |
2018 Sep 8 |
Rash, lesions |
Y |
2018 Sep 27 |
Y |
N |
+ |
– |
– |
– |
N |
||
| Contacts | ||||||||||||||
| Daughter | 0.4/F | 2018 Sep 20 | Fever, rash, lesions | N | 2018 Sep 27 | N | Y | + | – | ND | ND | N | ||
| Daughter | 4/F | 2018 Sep 26 | Fever, rash, lesions | N | 2018 Sep 27 | Y | N | + | – | – | – | N | ||
| Sister | 16/F | 2018 Oct 6 | Rash, lesions | N | 2018 Oct 8 | N | Y | + | – | ND | ND | N | ||
| Sister | 7/F | 2018 Oct 9 | Rash, lesions | N | 2018 Oct 11 | Y | N | + | – | – | – | N | ||
| SIL | 33/F | 2018 Oct 24 | Rash, lesions | N | 2018 Oct 25 | Y | N | + | – | – | – | N | ||
| Mother | 49/F | NA | None | N | 2018 Oct 5 | Y | N | ND | ND | + | + | Y | ||
| Son | 13/M | NA | None | Y | 2018 Oct 5 | Y | N | ND | ND | – | – | N | ||
| Brother | 49/M | NA | None | Y | 2018 Oct 25 | Y | N | ND | ND | + | – | Y | ||
| Brother of SIL | 8/M | NA | None | NK | 2018 Oct 25 | Y | N | ND | ND | + | + | N | ||
| Nephew of SIL | 13/M | NA | None | NK | 2018 Oct 25 | Y | N | ND | ND | – | – | N | ||
| HCW | 34/M | NA | None | N | 2018 Oct 5 | Y | N | ND | ND | + | + | N | ||
| HCW | 45/F | NA | None | N | 2018 Oct 5 | Y | N | ND | ND | + | + | Y | ||
| Social contact | 22/F | NA | None | NK | 2018 Oct 25 | Y | N | ND | ND | + | – | N | ||
*A total of 33 contacts were tested, 2 HCWs and 31 village contacts. CPXV, cowpox virus; HCW, healthcare worker; MPXV, monkeypox virus; NA, not applicable; ND, not done; NK, not known; SIL, sister-in-law; +, positive; –, negative.
†Samples obtained by HCWs after training on collecting swab samples.
‡Quantitative and conventional PCR were performed by using generic primers G2R-G and Congo Basin primers C3L (8).
§In-house tests were performed by using MPXV antigen isolated from local human cases and CPXV antigen related to Brighton Red strain.
¶History of smallpox vaccination was determined by verbal report and presence of scar.