Evolution and Antigenic Drift of Influenza A (H7N9) Viruses, China, 2017–2019
Jiahao Zhang
1, Hejia Ye
1, Huanan Li
1, Kaixiong Ma, Weihong Qiu, Yiqun Chen, Ziwen Qiu, Bo Li, Weixin Jia, Zhaoping Liang, Ming Liao
, and Wenbao Qi
Author affiliations: College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (J. Zhang, H. Li, K. Ma, Y. Chen, Z. Qiu, B. Li, W. Jia, M. Liao, W. Qi); National Avian Influenza Para-Reference Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Guangzhou (J. Zhang, H. Li, W. Jia, M. Liao, W. Qi); Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Guangzhou (J. Zhang, W. Jia, M. Liao, W. Qi); National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, National Development and Reform Commission, Guangzhou (J. Zhang, W. Jia, M. Liao, W. Qi); Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou (J. Zhang, W. Jia, M. Liao, W. Qi); Guangzhou South China Biological Medicine Co., Ltd, Guangzhou (H. Ye, W. Qiu, Z. Liang); Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou (W. Jia, M. Liao, W. Qi)
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Figure 2
Figure 2. Time-scaled evolution of influenza A(H7N9) viruses, China. A) Analysis of root-to-tip divergence against sampling date for the hemagglutinin gene segment (n = 189). B) Maximum clade credibility tree of the hemagglutinin sequence of H7N9 viruses sampled in China (n = 189); the H7N9 viruses collected in this study are highlighted in red. Asterisk indicates viruses from a human with H7N9 infection within sublineage B during March 2019. Shaded bars represent the 95% highest probability distribution for the age of each node. Parallel amino acid changes along the trunk are indicated.
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