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Volume 26, Number 9—September 2020
Research

Evaluation of World Health Organization–Recommended Hand Hygiene Formulations

Miranda SuchomelComments to Author , Maren Eggers, Steffen Maier, Axel Kramer, Stephanie J. Dancer, and Didier Pittet
Author affiliations: Medical University, Vienna, Austria (M. Suchomel, S. Maier); Laboratory Prof. Gisela Enders & Colleagues MVZ and Institute of Virology, Infectiology and Epidemiology e.V., Stuttgart, Germany (M. Eggers); University of Medicine, Greifswald, Germany (A. Kramer); Hairmyres Hospital, National Health Service, Lanarkshire, Scotland, UK (S.J. Dancer); Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK (S.J. Dancer); World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland (D. Pittet); University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva (D. Pittet)

Main Article

Table

Immediate and 3-hour effects after 3-minute application of modified WHO formulations compared with 3-minute applications of reference surgical hand antiseptic treatment according to European Norm 12791

Formulation Immediate effect
 3-hour effect
Mean log10 reduction Hodges-Lehmann upper 97.5% confidence limit† Mean log10 reduction Hodges-Lehmann upper 97.5% confidence limit‡
WHO I modified with ethanol 2.99 ± 1.03 0.03 n.i. 1.95 ± 0.97 0.55 n.i.
WHO II modified with isopropanol 2.95 ± 1.03 0.23 n.i. 2.17 ± 1·48 0.47 n.i.
Reference 2.64 ± 0.93 Not applicable 2.02 ± 1.06 Not applicable

*n = 24 study participants. n.i., noninferior versus reference; WHO, World Health Organization.
†With an agreed inferiority margin of 0.75 log10.
‡With an agreed inferiority margin of 0.85 log10.

Main Article

Page created: May 27, 2020
Page updated: August 18, 2020
Page reviewed: August 18, 2020
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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