Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 27, Number 12—December 2021
Dispatch

Potential Mosquito Vectors for Shuni Virus, South Africa, 2014–2018

Milehna Mara Guarido, Thopisang Motlou, Megan A. Riddin, Caitlin MacIntyre, Sontaga Cris Manyana, Todd Johnson, Maarten Schrama, Erin E. Gorsich, Basil D. Brooke, A. Paulo G. Almeida, and Marietjie VenterComments to Author 
Author affiliations: University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa (M.M. Guarido, T. Motlou, M.A. Riddin, C. MacIntyre, S.C. Manyana, T. Johnson, A.P.G. Almeida, M. Venter); Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia (T. Johnson); Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands (M. Schrama); University of Warwick, Coventry, UK (E.E. Gorsich); National Institute for Communicable Diseases/NHLS, Johannesburg, South Africa (B.D. Brooke); University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (B.D. Brooke); NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal (A.P.G. Almeida)

Main Article

Figure 2

Phylogenetic tree of SHUV-positive homogenate mosquito pools, South Africa, January 2014–May 2018 (black dots), based on 32 sequences and 328 bp of the nucleocapsid gene on the small segment. The tree was constructed with MEGA 7 software (https://www.megasoftware.net) by using the maximum-likelihood method and the Kimura 2-parameter model with 1,000 bootstrap replicates and includes members of the Simbu serogroup. The tree with the highest log likelihood (−299.13) is shown. GenBank accession numbers are indicated for the new and reference strains, which were selected from SHUV strains identified in South Africa among horses and wildlife (4,9) as well as strains from Nigeria and Israel available in GenBank. Numbers on internal branches indicate bootstrap values. RSA, South Africa; SHUV, Shuni virus.

Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree of SHUV-positive homogenate mosquito pools, South Africa, January 2014–May 2018 (black dots), based on 32 sequences and 328 bp of the nucleocapsid gene on the small segment. The tree was constructed with MEGA 7 software (https://www.megasoftware.net) by using the maximum-likelihood method and the Kimura 2-parameter model with 1,000 bootstrap replicates and includes members of the Simbu serogroup. The tree with the highest log likelihood (−299.13) is shown. GenBank accession numbers are indicated for the new and reference strains, which were selected from SHUV strains identified in South Africa among horses and wildlife (4,9) as well as strains from Nigeria and Israel available in GenBank. Numbers on internal branches indicate bootstrap values. RSA, South Africa; SHUV, Shuni virus.

Download

Main Article

References
  1. Hughes  HR, Adkins  S, Alkhovskiy  S, Beer  M, Blair  C, Calisher  CH, et al.; Ictv Report Consortium. ICTV virus taxonomy profile: Peribunyaviridae. J Gen Virol. 2020;101:1–2. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Causey  OR, Kemp  GE, Causey  CE, Lee  VH. Isolations of Simbu-group viruses in Ibadan, Nigeria 1964-69, including the new types Sango, Shamonda, Sabo and Shuni. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1972;66:357–62. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Golender  N, Brenner  J, Valdman  M, Khinich  Y, Bumbarov  V, Panshin  A, et al. Malformations caused by Shuni virus in ruminants, Israel, 2014–2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21:2267–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Steyn  J, Motlou  P, van Eeden  C, Pretorius  M, Stivaktas  VI, Williams  J, et al. Shuni virus in wildlife and non-equine domestic animals in South Africa. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26:1521–5. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. van Eeden  C, Williams  JH, Gerdes  TG, van Wilpe  E, Viljoen  A, Swanepoel  R, et al. Shuni virus as cause of neurologic disease in horses. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18:318–21. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Motlou  T, Venter  M. Shuni virus in cases of neurological diseases in humans, South Africa. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;27:567–9.
  7. Möhlmann  TWR, Oymans  J, Wichgers Schreur  PJ, Koenraadt  CJM, Kortekaas  J, Vogels  CBF. Vector competence of biting midges and mosquitoes for Shuni virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018;12:e0006993. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. Gorsich  EE, Beechler  BR, van Bodegom  PM, Govender  D, Guarido  MM, Venter  M, et al. A comparative assessment of adult mosquito trapping methods to estimate spatial patterns of abundance and community composition in southern Africa. Parasit Vectors. 2019;12:462. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Van Eeden  C, Zaayman  D, Venter  M. A sensitive nested real-time RT-PCR for the detection of Shuni virus. J Virol Methods. 2014;195:100–5. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Bowen  MD, Trappier  SG, Sanchez  AJ, Meyer  RF, Goldsmith  CS, Zaki  SR, et al.; RVF Task Force. A reassortant bunyavirus isolated from acute hemorrhagic fever cases in Kenya and Somalia. Virology. 2001;291:185–90. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Folmer  O, Black  M, Hoeh  W, Lutz  R, Vrijenhoek  R. DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol. 1994;3:294–9.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Guarido  MM, Riddin  MA, Johnson  T, Braack  LEO, Schrama  M, Gorsich  EE, et al. Aedes species (Diptera: Culicidae) ecological and host feeding patterns in the north-eastern parts of South Africa, 2014-2018. Parasit Vectors. 2021;14:339. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Sharp  BL, Appleton  CC, Thompson  DL, Meenehan  G. Anthropophilic mosquitoes at Richards Bay, Natal, and arbovirus antibodies in human residents. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1987;81:197–201. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Muspratt  J. The Stegomyia mosquitoes of South Africa and some neighbouring territories. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa. 1956;4:1–138.
  15. Snyman  J, Venter  GJ, Venter  M. An investigation of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) as potential vectors of medically and veterinary important arboviruses in South Africa. Viruses. 2021;13:1978. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

Page created: October 06, 2021
Page updated: November 19, 2021
Page reviewed: November 19, 2021
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external