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Volume 27, Number 6—June 2021
Research

Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Trajectory of Emerging Echovirus 30, Europe

Kimberley S.M. BenschopComments to Author , Eeva K. Broberg, Emma Hodcroft, Dennis Schmitz, Jan Albert, Anda Baicus, Jean-Luc Bailly, Gudrun Baldvinsdottir, Natasa Berginc, Soile Blomqvist, Sindy Böttcher, Mia Brytting, Erika Bujaki, Maria Cabrerizo, Cristina Celma, Ondrej Cinek, Eric C.J. Claas, Jeroen Cremer, Jonathan Dean, Jennifer L. Dembinski, Iryna Demchyshyna, Sabine Diedrich, Susanne Dudman, Jake Dunning, Robert Dyrdak, Mary Emmanouil, Agnes Farkas, Cillian De Gascun, Guillaume Fournier, Irina Georgieva, Ruben Gonzalez-Sanz, Jolanda van Hooydonk-Elving, Anne J. Jääskeläinen, Ruta Jancauskaite, Kathrin Keeren, Thea K. Fischer, Sidsel Krokstad, Lubomira Nikolaeva–Glomb, Ludmila Novakova, Sofie E. Midgley, Audrey Mirand, Richard Molenkamp, Ursula Morley, Joël Mossong, Svajune Muralyte, Jean-Luc Murk, Trung Nguyen, Svein A. Nordbø, Riikka Österback, Suzan Pas, Laura Pellegrinelli, Vassiliki Pogka, Birgit Prochazka, Petra Rainetova, Marc Van Ranst, Lieuwe Roorda, Isabelle Schuffenecker, Rob Schuurman, Asya Stoyanova, Kate Templeton, Jaco J. Verweij, Androniki Voulgari-Kokota, Tytti Vuorinen, Elke Wollants, Katja C. Wolthers, Katherina Zakikhany, Richard Neher, Heli Harvala, and Peter Simmonds
Author affiliations: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands (K.S.M. Benschop, D. Schmitz, J. Cremer); European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden (E.K. Broberg); Biozentrum, University of Basel and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland (E. Hodcroft, R. Neher); Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (J. Albert, R. Dyrdak); Cantacuzino, Bucharest, Romania (A. Baicus); CHU Clermont-Ferrand, National Reference Centre for Enteroviruses and Parechoviruses, Clermont-Ferrand, France (J. Bailly, A. Mirand); Landspitali-National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland (G. Baldvinsdottir); National laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Ljubljana, Slovenia (N. Berginc); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (S. Blomqvist); Robert-Koch-Institue, Berlin, Germany (S. Böttcher S. Diedrich, K. Keeren); The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden (M. Brytting, K. Zakikhany); National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary (E. Bujaki, A. Farkas); Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M. Cabrerizo, R. Gonzalez-Sanz); Public Health England, Colindale, UK (C. Celma, J. Dunning); University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (S. Dudman); Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (O. Cinek); Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (E.C.J. Claas); University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, UK (J. Dean, C. De Gascun, U. Morley); World Health Organization National Polio Entero Reference Laboratory, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo (J.L. Dembinski, S. Dudman); Public Health Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine (I. Demchyshyna); Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece (M. Emmanouil, V. Pogka, A. Voulgari-Kokota); Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg (G. Fournier, T. Nguyen, J. Mossong); National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria (I. Georgieva, L. Nikolaeva-Glomb, A. Stoyanova); Microvida, Breda, the Netherlands (J. van Hooydonk-Elving, S. Pas); University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.J. Jääskeläinen); National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory, Vilnius, Lithuania (R. Jancauskaite, S. Muralyte); Nordsjaellands University Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark (T.K. Fischer); Statens Serum Institute and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (T.K. Fischer); University Hospital of Trondheim, Norway (S. Krokstad, S.A. Nordbø); National Institute of Public Health, Prague (L. Novakova, P. Rainetova); Danish WHO National Reference Laboratory for Poliovirus, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen (S.E. Midgley); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R. Molenkamp); Elisabeth Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands (J.-L. Murk, J.J. Verweij); Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim (S.A. Nordbø); Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland (R. Österback, T. Vuorinen); University of Milan, Milan, Italy (L. Pellegrinelli); Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria (B. Prochazka); Rega Institute KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (M. Van Ranst, E. Wollants); Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam (L. Roorda); Centre de Biologie Est des Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France (I. Schuffenecker); University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (R. Schuurman); N; ational Health Services Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK (K. Templeton); University of Turku, Turku (T. Vuorinen) Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (K.C, Wolthers); University College London, London, UK (H. Harvala); National Health Service, Colindale (H. Harvala); University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (P. Simmonds)

Main Article

Figure 3

Phylodynamic analysis of region 1 in a curated study of echovirus 30 (E30) viral protein 1 (VP1) sequences from 22 countries in Europe, 2010–2018. We constructed the bootstrapped maximum likelihood neighbor-joining trees using 47 full length sequences and 277 VP1 sequences extracted from GenBank. E30 groups 1–8 are labeled. A) Maximum likelihood trees constructed by using MEGA version 7.0 (https://www.megasoftware.net). Prototype E30 strain Bastianni, (GenBank accession no. AF311938) was used as a reference. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site. B) Maximum likelihood trees constructed by using Nextstrain (https://nextstrain.org) from which we dropped several problematic sequences, including group 5.

Figure 3. Phylodynamic analysis of region 1 in a curated study of echovirus 30 (E30) viral protein 1 (VP1) sequences from 22 countries in Europe, 2010–2018. We constructed the bootstrapped maximum likelihood neighbor-joining trees using 47 full length sequences and 277 VP1 sequences extracted from GenBank. E30 groups 1–8 are labeled. A) Maximum likelihood trees constructed by using MEGA version 7.0 (https://www.megasoftware.net). Prototype E30 strain Bastianni, (GenBank accession no. AF311938) was used as a reference. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site. B) Maximum likelihood trees constructed by using Nextstrain (https://nextstrain.org) from which we dropped several problematic sequences, including group 5.

Main Article

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Page updated: May 18, 2021
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