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Volume 28, Number 11—November 2022
Dispatch

Cluster of Norovirus Genogroup IX Outbreaks in Long-Term Care Facilities, Utah, USA, 2021

BreAnne Osborn1Comments to Author , Chao-Yang Pan1, April Hatada, Jennifer Hatfield, Jenni Wagner, Kelly Oakeson, Anna Montmayeur, Christina Morales, and Jan Vinjé
Author affiliations: Utah Department of Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (B. Osborn, J. Wagner, K. Oakeson); California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA (C.-Y. Pan, A. Hatada, C. Morales); Utah County Health Department, Provo, Utah, USA (J. Hatfield); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (A. Montmayeur, J. Vinjé)

Main Article

Figure 2

Phylogenetic comparisons of norovirus genes in study of cluster of norovirus genogroup IX outbreaks in long-term care facilities, Utah, USA, 2021. We generated phylogenetic trees by using the maximum-likelihood method and Tamura-Nei distance model (15). We compared nucleotide sequences of the RdRp gene (1,430 nt) (A) and major capsid gene (1,668 nt) (B) from the 12 sequences obtained from the 4 LTCF outbreaks with 33 GIX strains obtained from GenBank. The bootstrap percentages are shown next to the branches. We generated initial trees automatically by applying neighbor-joining algorithms to a matrix of pairwise distances estimated by using the maximum composite-likelihood approach and then selecting the topology with the superior log-likelihood value. We conducted evolutionary analyses by using MEGA11 software (15). Scale bars indicate nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure 2. Phylogenetic comparisons of norovirus genes in study of cluster of norovirus genogroup IX outbreaks in long-term care facilities, Utah, USA, 2021. We generated phylogenetic trees by using the maximum-likelihood method and Tamura-Nei distance model (15). We compared nucleotide sequences of the RdRp gene (1,430 nt) (A) and major capsid gene (1,668 nt) (B) from the 12 sequences obtained from the 4 LTCF outbreaks with 33 GIX strains obtained from GenBank. The bootstrap percentages are shown next to the branches. We generated initial trees automatically by applying neighbor-joining algorithms to a matrix of pairwise distances estimated by using the maximum composite-likelihood approach and then selecting the topology with the superior log-likelihood value. We conducted evolutionary analyses by using MEGA11 software (15). Scale bars indicate nucleotide substitutions per site.

Main Article

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1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

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