Volume 28, Number 12—December 2022
CME ACTIVITY - Research
Acinetobacter baumannii among Patients Receiving Glucocorticoid Aerosol Therapy during Invasive Mechanical Ventilation, China
Wenchao Zhang1, Mei Yin1, Wei Li, Nana Xu, Haining Lu, Weidong Qin, Hui Han, Chen Li, Dawei Wu, and Hao Wang
Table 1
Univariate analysis of risk factors for Acinetobacter baumannii among patients during invasive mechanical ventilation, China*
| Variables | Overall, n = 497 | Acinetobacter baumannii isolated |
p value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes, n = 159 | No, n = 338 | ||||
| Median age, y (IQR) |
60.1 (49–73) |
61 (50–74) |
59.6 (49–73) |
0.444 |
1.004 (0.994–1.013) |
| Sex, no. (%) | |||||
| F | 160 (32.2) | 44 (27.7) | 116 (34.3) | Referent | |
| M |
337 (67.8) |
115 (72.3) |
222 (65.7) |
0.139 |
0.769 (0.544–1.089) |
| Mean Charlson comorbidity index, (SD) |
4.26 (2.12) |
4.40 (2.14) |
4.20 (2.11) |
0.293 |
1.038 (0.968–1.113) |
| Underlying conditions, no. (%) | |||||
| Cardiovascular diseases | 200 (40.2) | 79 (49.7) | 121 (358) | 0.003 | 1.596 (1.169–2.178) |
| Chronic renal insufficiency | 179 (36.0) | 71 (44.7) | 108 (32.0) | 0.011 | 1.504 (1.200–2.056) |
| COPD and asthma | 176 (35.4) | 71 (44.7) | 105 (31.1) | 0.005 | 1.570 (1.148–2.146) |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 116 (23.3) | 46 (28.9) | 70 (20.7) | 0.057 | 1.395 (0.990–1.965) |
| Solid tumor | 100 (20.1) | 36 (22.6) | 64 (18.9) | 0.363 | 1.188 (0.820–1.723) |
| Hematologic malignancy | 31 (6.2) | 8 (5.0) | 23 (6.8) | 0.497 | 0.781 (0.384–1.591) |
| Past inhaled steroids use for chronic conditions | 47 (9.5) | 17 (10.7) | 30 (8.9) | 0.450 | 1.214 (0.734–2.007) |
| Current or former smoker | 187 (37.6) | 74 (46.5) | 113 (33.4) | 0.005 | 1.565 (1.146–2.138) |
| Postoperative admission |
142 (28.6) |
38 (23.9) |
104 (30.8) |
0.134 |
0.757 (0.526–1.090) |
| Treatment, no. (%) | |||||
| No aerosol inhalation | 137 (27.6) | 33 (20.8) | 104 (30.8) | Referent | |
| Glucocorticoid aerosol inhalation | 262 (52.7) | 107 (67.3) | 155 (45.9) | 0.002 | 1.860 (1.264–2.738) |
| Aerosol inhalation without glucocorticoid | 98 (19.7) | 19 (11.9) | 79 (23.4) | 0.337 | 0.760 (0.433–1.332) |
| Broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs, >7 d | 417 (83.9) | 157 (98.7) | 260 (76.9) | <0.001 | 9.539 (4.595–18.795) |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation, >5 d | 221 (44.5) | 112 (70.4) | 109 (32.2) | <0.001 | 3.452 (2.453–4.858) |
| Urethral catheter placement, >3 d | 493 (99.2) | 158 (99.4) | 335 (99.1) | 0.875 | 1.171 (0.164–8.361) |
| Vasopressor treatment, >3 d | 75 (15.1) | 42 (26.4) | 33 (9.8) | <0.001 | 2.634 (1.850–3.750) |
| Renal dialysis, >3 d |
84 (16.9) |
34 (21.4) |
50 (14.8) |
0.063 |
1.432 (0.980–2.093) |
| APACHE II score, mean (SD) |
18.18 (6.03) |
18.98 (6.44) |
17.80 (5.80) |
0.053 |
1.026 (1.000–1.053) |
| Median length of ICU stay, d (IQR) | 15 (7–23) | 20 (10–28) | 13 (6–20) | 0.057 | 1.005 (1.000–1.010) |
*APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range.
1These authors contributed equally to this article.
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