Xing Zhang
1, Chaoyue Zhao
1, Chaoyuan Cheng
1, Guogang Zhang
1, Tao Yu, Kevin Lawrence, Hongyue Li, Jimin Sun, Zeyu Yang, Ling Ye, Hongliang Chu, Ying Wang, Xiaohu Han, Yongchao Jia, Shuozhang Fan, Hirotaka Kanuka, Tetsuya Tanaka, Cheryl Jenkins, Kristene Gedye, Shona Chandra, Dana C. Price, Qiyong Liu, Young Ki Choi, Xiangjiang Zhan
, Zhibin Zhang
, and Aihua Zheng
Author affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, CAS, Beijing (X. Zhang, C. Zhao, C. Cheng, H. Li, X. Zhan, Z. Zhang, A. Zheng); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (X. Zhang, C. Zhao, C. Cheng, H. Li, Z. Zhang, A. Zheng); Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yantai, China (T. Yu); Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (K. Lawrence, K. Gedye); Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang, China (J. Sun); Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing (Z. Yang, G. Zhang); Daishan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, China (L. Ye); Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China (H. Chu); Xinyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xinyang, China (Y. Wang); Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China (X. Han); Guangyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangyuan, China (Y. Jia); Hebei University, Baoding, China (S. Fan); Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (H. Kanuka); Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan (T. Tanaka); Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, New South Wales, Australia (C. Jenkins); University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia (S. Chandra); Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA (D.C. Price):; National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing (Q. Liu); Chungbuk National University, Cheongju City, South Korea (Y.K. Choi)
Figure 6. Phylogeographic analysis of bisexual and parthenogenetic Asian longhorned ticks, China. A) Distribution of bisexual and parthenogenetic Asian longhorned ticks in pairwise genetic distance and pairwise geographic distance. B, C) Distribution (B) and difference (C) of dispersal index between bisexual and parthenogenetic Asian longhorned ticks. Horizontal red line in the violin plot indicates the mean dispersal index, shaded blue areas indicate the kernel density estimation, and error bars indicate the maximum (top line) and minimum (bottom line) values.