Volume 28, Number 3—March 2022
Research
Retrospective Cohort Study of Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Notifications, Vietnam, 2020
, Viet Nhung Nguyen, Hoa Binh Nguyen, Thu Anh Nguyen, Hien T.T. Le, Cuong D. Pham, Nam Hoang, Phuong T.M. Nguyen, Justin Beardsley, Guy B. Marks, and Greg J. Fox
Table 3
Characteristics of patients diagnosed with MDR/RR TB by the Vietnam National Tuberculosis Program, 2019 and 2020*
| Characteristics | No. (%) cases notified |
|
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2020 | |
| Total MDR/RR TB cases |
2,889 |
2,851 |
| Age group, y | ||
| <20 | 124 (4.3) | 71 (2.5) |
| 20–39 | 1,083 (37.5) | 1,072 (37.6) |
| 40–59 | 1,237 (42.8) | 1,221 (42.8) |
| 60–79 | 414 (14.3) | 455 (16.0) |
| ≥80 |
31 (1.1) |
32 (1.1) |
| Sex | ||
| M | 2,206 (76.4) | 2,185 (76.6) |
| F |
683 (23.6) |
666 (23.4) |
| Registration group† | ||
| New | 1,059 (36.7) | 1,258 (44.1) |
| Relapse | 1,012 (35.0) | 976 (34.2) |
| Failure | 328 (11.4) | 210 (7.4) |
| Transfer in | 4 (0.1) | 2 (0.0) |
| Transfer after default | 154 (5.3) | 125 (4.4) |
| Other |
227 (7.9) |
177 (6.2) |
| No. previous treatment episodes | ||
| 1 | 1,011 (35.0) | 855 (30.0) |
| 2 | 199 (6.9) | 169 (5.9) |
| 3 | 34 (1.1) | 34 (1.2) |
| 4 | 4 (0.1) | 6 (0.2) |
| 5 |
1 (0.0) |
2 (0.0) |
| Smear status at diagnosis‡ | ||
| Negative | 568 (19.7) | 532 (18.7) |
| Scanty | 289 (10.0) | 244 (8.6) |
| 1+ | 415 (14.4) | 428 (15.0) |
| 2+ | 308 (10.7) | 261 (9.2) |
| 3+ |
275 (9.5) |
262 (9.2) |
| Culture status at diagnosis§ | ||
| Negative | 132 (4.6) | 91 (3.2) |
| Positive | 675 (23.4) | 564 (19.8) |
| Contaminated |
14 (0.5) |
12 (0.4) |
| Underlying conditions | ||
| HIV | 119 (4.1) | 82 (2.9) |
| Diabetes | 47 (1.6) | 54 (1.9) |
| COPD | 7 (0.2) | 7 (0.2) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 11 (0.4) | 7 (0.2) |
| Cardiac disease |
11 (0.4) |
24 (0.8) |
| Baseline antimicrobial drug resistance¶ | ||
| Monoresistance# | 301 (10.4) | 260 (9.1) |
| Polydrug resistance | 122 (4.2) | 94 (3.3) |
| MDR TB | 1,545 (53.5) | 1,666 (58.4) |
| Pre-XDR TB | 47 (1.6) | 47 (1.6) |
| XDR TB |
12 (0.4) |
10 (0.4) |
| Site of disease** | ||
| Extrapulmonary | 119 (4.1) | 131 (4.6) |
| Pulmonary†† | 2,619 (90.7) | 2,592 (90.9) |
*COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MDR, multidrug-resistant; MDR/RR, multidrug-resistant/rifampin-resistant; TB, tuberculosis; XDR, extensively drug resistant. †Registration group was not reported for 105 (3.6%) cases in 2019 and 103 (3.6%) cases in 2020. ‡Smear status was not reported for 1,034 (35.8%) cases in 2019 and 1,124(39.4%) cases in 2020. §Culture status was not reported for 2,068 (71.6%) cases in 2019 and 2,184 (76.6%) cases in 2020. ¶Baseline resistance was not reported for 862 (29.8%) cases in 2019 and 774 (27.1%) cases in 2020. #Site of disease was not reported for 151 (5.2%) cases in 2019 and 128 (4.5%) cases in 2020. **Definitions for classification according to World Health Organization guidelines (https://www.who.int/tb/publications/definitions/en). ††Pulmonary TB includes patients with pulmonary TB alone and patients with pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB.