Volume 28, Number 8—August 2022
Research
Dog Ownership and Risk for Alveolar Echinococcosis, Germany
Julian Schmidberger1
, Janne Uhlenbruck1, Patrycja Schlingeloff, Pavlo Maksimov, Franz J. Conraths, Benjamin Mayer, and Wolfgang Kratzer
, Janne Uhlenbruck1, Patrycja Schlingeloff, Pavlo Maksimov, Franz J. Conraths, Benjamin Mayer, and Wolfgang Kratzer
Table 2
Multivariable logistic regression analysis with estimations of odds of acquiring alveolar echinococcosis, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, January 2019–February 2020*
| Variable |
Alveolar echinococcosis |
|
| aOR (95% CI) |
p value† |
|
| Community type, no. residents | ||
| Large city, >100,000 | Referent | |
| Middle city, 20,000–100,000 | 0.127 (0.009–1.789) | 0.1263 |
| Small city, 5,000–20,000 | 1.054 (0.161–6.917) | 0.9559 |
| Rural community, <5,000 |
4.175 (0.711–24.534) |
0.9559 |
| Unattended | ||
| Garden | Referent | |
| Field | 7.081 (1.523–32.931) | 0.0126 |
| Forest |
1.221 (0.362–4.120) |
0.7473 |
| Dog eats carrion or prey | ||
| Frequently | 2.125 (0.542–8.340) | 0.2798 |
| Rarely | 0.514 (0.233–1.135) | 0.0998 |
| Never |
Referent |
|
| Dog rolls in feces from other animals | ||
| Frequently | 2.570 (0.962–6.865) | 0.0598 |
| Rarely | 0.205 (0.078–0.538) | 0.0013 |
| Never |
Referent |
|
| Dog hunts mice or prey | ||
| Frequently | 0.664 (0.242–1.821) | 0.4260 |
| Rarely | 0.766 (0.334–1.756) | 0.5292 |
| Never |
Referent |
|
| Dog eats organic waste from other animals | ||
| Daily | 12.840 (1.127–146.278) | 0.0398 |
| Weekly | <0.001 (<0.001–>999.999) | 0.9843 |
| Monthly | <0.001 (<0.001–>999.999) | 0.9908 |
| Never/ sporadic |
Referent |
|
| Frequency of fur cleaning | ||
| Daily | Referent | |
| Weekly | 0.472 (0.163–1.368) | 0.1665 |
| Monthly | 0.400 (0.075–2.140) | 0.2840 |
| When soiled | 0.543 (0.216–1.366) | 0.1945 |
| Never |
7.567 (0.655–87.406) |
0.1050 |
| Veterinary visits | ||
| Only in case of illness | 3.657 (1.480–9.039) | 0.0050 |
| 1 vist/y | 2.003 (0.767–5.233) | 0.1560 |
| >1 visit/y |
Referent |
|
| Deworming frequency | ||
| 1 time/mo | Referent | |
| 3–4 times/y | 0.183 (0.031–1.061) | 0.0582 |
| 1 time/y | 0.799 (0.125–5.091) | 0.8124 |
| If infection is suspected | 0.190 (0.022–1.599) | 0.1264 |
| Never |
0.734 (0.064–8.437) |
0.8040 |
| Feces tested for worm eggs | ||
| Regularly | Referent | |
| If infection is suspected | 0.225 (0.045–1.118) | 0.0681 |
| Never |
2.262 (0.598–8.562) |
0.2292 |
| Owner received education from veterinarian | ||
| Yes | Referent | |
| No |
10.006 (4.282–23.383) |
<0.0001 |
| Purpose of dog ownership | ||
| Hunting | 0.332 (0.083–1.329) | 0.1192 |
| Herding | 6.831 (1.028–45.371) | 0.0467 |
| Sporting | 0.668 (0.077–5.808) | 0.7148 |
| Guard/watch dog | 2.776 (0.819–9.412) | 0.1011 |
| Breeding | <0.001 (<0.001–>999.999) | 0.1011 |
| Pet | Referent | |
| Other |
2.132 (0.149–30.566) |
0.5773 |
| Coat length of the dog | ||
| Short, 1–2 cm | Referent | |
| Medium, 2–7 cm | 0.902 (0.371–2.192) | 0.8205 |
| Long, >7 cm | 0.709 (0.205–2.446) | 0.5860 |
| Undercoat | 0.319 (0.102–0.997) | 0.0493 |
*Model adjusted for age and sex. Boldface indicates significance (p<0.05).
1These authors contributed equally to this article.
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