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Volume 29, Number 1—January 2023
Research

Widespread Exposure to Mosquitoborne California Serogroup Viruses in Caribou, Arctic Fox, Red Fox, and Polar Bears, Canada

Kayla J. BuhlerComments to Author , Antonia Dibernardo, Nicholas W. Pilfold, N. Jane Harms, Heather Fenton, Suzanne Carriere, Allicia Kelly, Helen Schwantje, Xavier Fernandez Aguilar, Lisa-Marie Leclerc, Geraldine G. Gouin, Nicholas J. Lunn, Evan S. Richardson, David McGeachy, Émilie Bouchard, Adrián Hernández Ortiz, Gustaf Samelius, L. Robbin Lindsay, Michael A. Drebot, Patricia Gaffney, Patrick Leighton, Ray Alisauskas, and Emily Jenkins
Author affiliations: University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada (K.J. Buhler, É. Bouchard, A. Hernández Ortiz, R. Alisauskas, E. Jenkins); National Microbiology Laboratory Branch, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (A. Dibernardo, L.R. Lindsay, M.A. Drebot); San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, Escondido, California, USA (N.W. Pilfold, P. Gaffney); Government of Yukon, Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada (N.J. Harms); Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis (H. Fenton); Government of the Northwest Territories, Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada (H. Fenton, S. Carriere, A. Kelly); Government of British Columbia, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada (H. Schwantje); University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (X. Fernandez Aguilar); Government of Nunavut, Kugluktuk, Nunavut, Canada (L.-M. Leclerc); Makivik Corporation, Kuujjuaq, Québec, Canada (G.G. Gouin); Environment and Climate Change Canada, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (N.J. Lunn, D. McGeachy); Environment and Climate Change Canada, Winnipeg (E.S. Richardson); Snow Leopard Trust, Seattle, Washington, USA (G. Sameilus); Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec (É. Bouchard, P. Leighton)

Main Article

Table 2

Prevalence of California serogroup viruses in wildlife in Canada, 2017, in study of widespread exposure to mosquitoborne California serogroup viruses in caribou, Arctic fox, red fox, and polar bears*

Species Sample size Test Total prevalence, % (no./total) Location Regional prevalence, % (95% CI) (no./total) Prevalence, serum, % (no./total) Prevalence, whole blood, % (no./total)
Caribou
 517
 cELISA
 63 (324/517) BC 45 (26–66) (9/20) 45 NA
Yukon 45 (37–53) (68/152) 45 NA
NT 83 (78–88) (182/219) 83 NA
Nunavut 80 (69–87) (58/73) 91 (49/54) 47 (9/19)
Nunavik
 13 (7–25) (7/53)
NA
 13
Arctic fox
 297
 cELISA
 4 (11/297)
 NT 0 (0–6) (0/66) NA 0
Nunavut 4 (2–7) (8/221) 5 (7/136) 1 (1/85)
Nunavik
 30 (11–60) (3/10)
NA
 30
Red fox
77
 cELISA
12 (9/77)
 NT 0 (0–39) (0/6) NA 0
Nunavik 20 (6–51) (2/10) NA 20
South QC
 12 (6–22) (7/61)
 NA
 12
Polar bear
 377
 cELISA
 28 (107/377)
 Manitoba
 28 (24–33)
 28
 NA
Red-backed vole
 349
 qPCR
 0
 NT
 0 (0–1)
 NA
 NA
Meadow vole
 20
 qPCR
 0
 NT
 0 (0–16)
 NA
 NA
Deer mouse
 68
 qPCR
 0
 NT
 0 (0–5)
 NA
 NA
Collared lemming
 9
 qPCR
 0
 Nunavut
 0 (0–30)
 NA
 NA
Shrew, unidentified 59 qPCR 0 NT 0 (0–6) NA NA

*BC, British Columbia; MB, Manitoba; NA, not applicable; NT, Northwest Territories; QC, Québec; qPCR; quantitative PCR; cELISA, competitive ELISA.

Main Article

Page created: November 18, 2022
Page updated: December 21, 2022
Page reviewed: December 21, 2022
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