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Volume 29, Number 1—January 2023
Dispatch

Efficient Inactivation of Monkeypox Virus by World Health Organization‒Recommended Hand Rub Formulations and Alcohols

Toni L. Meister, Ronny Tao, Yannick Brüggemann, Daniel Todt, Joerg Steinmann, Joerg Timm, Ingo Drexler, and Eike SteinmannComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany (T.L. Meister, Y. Brüggemann, D. Todt, E. Steinmann); Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany (R. Tao, J. Timm, I. Drexler); European Virus Bioinformatics Center, Jena, Germany (D. Todt); Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany (J. Steinmann); University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany (J. Steinmann)

Main Article

Figure 1

Virucidal activity of World Health Organization (WHO)–recommended hand rub formulations I and II for inactivating MPXV. A, B) Viral infectivity for WHO formulation I (A) and formulation II (B). Means of 3 independent experiments with SDs (error bars) and reduction factors (numbers above the bar) are shown. C, D) Regression analyses of inactivation of MPXV and (re)emerging enveloped or reference viruses, including ZIKV, EBOV, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, influenza A(H1N1) virus, BCoV, HCV, and MVA for WHO formulation I (C) and WHO formulation II (D). Dilutions of the WHO formulations ranging from 0% to 80% with an exposure time of 30 s. Viral titers are displayed as TCID50/mL. BCoV, bovine coronavirus; EBOV, Ebola virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; MERS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; LLOQ, lower limit of quantification (1.58 × 102 TCID50/mL); MPXV, monkeypox virus; MVA, modified vaccinia Ankara; NA, not applicable; SARS-CoV2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; TCID50, 50% tissue culture infectious dose; ULOQ, upper limit of quantification (1.58 × 109 TCID50/mL); ZIKV, Zika virus.

Figure 1. Virucidal activity of World Health Organization (WHO)–recommended hand rub formulations I and II for inactivating MPXV. A, B) Viral infectivity for WHO formulation I (A) and formulation II (B). Means of 3 independent experiments with SDs (error bars) and reduction factors (numbers above the bar) are shown. C, D) Regression analyses of inactivation of MPXV and (re)emerging enveloped or reference viruses, including ZIKV, EBOV, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, influenza A(H1N1) virus, BCoV, HCV, and MVA for WHO formulation I (C) and WHO formulation II (D). Dilutions of the WHO formulations ranging from 0% to 80% with an exposure time of 30 s. Viral titers are displayed as TCID50/mL. BCoV, bovine coronavirus; EBOV, Ebola virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; MERS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; LLOQ, lower limit of quantification (1.58 × 102 TCID50/mL); MPXV, monkeypox virus; MVA, modified vaccinia Ankara; NA, not applicable; SARS-CoV2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; TCID50, 50% tissue culture infectious dose; ULOQ, upper limit of quantification (1.58 × 109 TCID50/mL); ZIKV, Zika virus.

Main Article

Page created: November 09, 2022
Page updated: December 22, 2022
Page reviewed: December 22, 2022
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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